A study to optimize drilling fluids to improve borehole stability in natural gas hydrate frozen ground

Hao, Shuqing

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2011.01.014

Cited by 34 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This increase in apparent viscosity of the mixture may be due to the hydrogen bondings, which are built between the hydrogen and the hydroxyl of clay and those of the group hydroxyethyl ether of HEC molecule or it may also be due to the number of entanglements caused by long polymer chains. Hao [17] has found similar results when adding HEC to the bentonite suspensions. In contrast, beyond a HEC concentration of 0.1 wt%, a decrease in apparent viscosity is observed.…”

Section: Effect Of Hec On Yield Stress and Apparent Viscosity Of Bentmentioning

confidence: 68%

Hydroxyethyl cellulose as a rheology modifier for water-based drilling fluids formulated with Algerian bentonite

Ouaer

Gareche

2019

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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Under the different geological conditions of wells and during the drilling operation, some of the water-based drilling fluid compositions are sometimes not efficient for the drilling success of the oil and gas wells (case of the Algerian oil and gas wells). In the use of bentonite in drilling fluid applications, the addition of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) is recommended to obtain good rheological properties of the fluid. In this research, we investigate the rheological behaviour in steady state, and dynamic shear rheology of drilling fluids formulated based on an Algerian bentonite with a fixed concentration of 3 wt% and a water-soluble polymer HEC of high molecular weight (~ 9.5 × 10 5 g/mol) at different concentrations ranged from 0.02 to 0.2%. All the results obtained by a controlled stress rheometer have been commented by taking the interaction between the clay and the polymer molecules into consideration, to highlight the effect of HEC on the rheological properties of bentonite suspensions. Herschel-Bulkley (H-B) model was used to fit and interpret the experimental data. A significant increase in the rheological properties of the mixture bentonite-HEC with the increase in HEC concentration has been shown. These properties reached the maximum at HEC concentration of 0.1 wt%; beyond this value, they decreased. X-ray diffraction test performed on the different samples also allowed understanding the rheological behaviour of the system bentonite-HEC. Indeed, the HEC could intercalate the bentonite interlayer and formed link bridges between bentonite particles below a critical concentration of 0.1 wt%. Based on the results of the study, it is recommended to choose the optimum concentration of HEC to be added to the bentonite suspension to ensure the optimum rheological characteristics of the drilling fluids. Keywords Water-based mud • HEC • Algerian bentonite • Rheological properties • X-ray diffraction List of symbols Roman symbols G′ Storage modulus (Pa) G″ Loss modulus (Pa) G 0 Elastic modulus (Pa) k Consistency index (Pa s n) n Flow index w Pulsation (rad/s) Greek symbols α Time constant (s) Shear rate (s −1) λ X-ray wavelength (Å) 2θ Scattering angle Viscosity of the polymer solution (Pa s) 0 Zero shear rate viscosity (Pa s) ∞ Infinite shear rate viscosity (Pa s) τ Shear stress (Pa) τ c Yield stress (Pa)

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Section: Effect Of Hec On Yield Stress and Apparent Viscosity Of Bentmentioning

confidence: 68%

Hydroxyethyl cellulose as a rheology modifier for water-based drilling fluids formulated with Algerian bentonite

Ouaer

Gareche

2019

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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“…On the other hand, these inorganic salts are necessary for drilling fluids, and they could be used as the antifreeze agent [18], shale inhibitors, and so on. Hence, the salt resistance of slube was evaluated in detail.…”

Section: The Evaluation Of Salt Resistance Of Slubementioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of recycled chemical residues from sodium hydrosulfite production in solid lubricant for drilling fluids

Zhang

Meng

Zhou

et al. 2014

Desalination and Water Treatment

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A B S T R A C TThe chemical residues from sodium hydrosulfite production contain complex chemical composition and give out a bad odor posing a grave threat to the environment and public health. The organic residues containing thiodiglycol, 2,2´-dithiodiethanol, and 1,4-thioxane are suitable for high pressure lubrication applications. In this paper, the chemical residues were recycled and used to prepare the solid lubricant for drilling fluids. The lubricity of solid lubricant was illustrated and the experimental results indicated that the solid lubricant could improve lubricity of drilling fluids, which had met the requirement of industrial applications. Experimental studies were also performed on its salt resistance, temperature resistance, and compatibility. The solid lubricant had passed pilot experiments and been used in the Changqing and Dagang oil fields in China. This study not only enables recycling of industrial products but also makes the clean production come true, which contributed to environment protection.

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“…In the process of hydrate drilling, changes in factors such as temperature and pressure lead to the decomposition of hydrate in the formation and the regeneration in the wellbore to cause blockage problems, etc., which will affect the extraction of hydrates. 7 − 10 In order to solve the problem of hydrate decomposition caused by drilling fluid invasion, the molecular dynamics simulation and lab experiment were carried out to optimize the NGH decomposition inhibitors, and the mathematical model for evaluating wellbore hydrate stability is established. 4 , 7 − 12 Based on the device’s accuracy, Zhao et al studied the inhibitory effect of hydrate kinetic inhibitor on hydrate formation, and the optimized drilling fluid has good rheological properties at low temperature, to inhibit hydrate formation and decomposition, which provides drilling fluid technical support for NGH exploitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Factors on Methane Hydrate Formation Using a Visual Wellbore Simulator

Wang

Tie

Liu³

et al. 2022

ACS Omega

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During hydrate exploitation, the formation and decomposition of hydrate in the wellbore are affected by many factors such as salinity, temperature, pressure, gas–liquid ratio, and so on. In the drilling process, inhibitors will be added into the drilling fluid, to prevent the formation of hydrates in the wellbore to form blockages. In order to explore the influence of these factors on the formation and decomposition of hydrates, a visual wellbore simulator was used to study the formation, inhibition, and decomposition of hydrates in the wellbore, which affected these factors. First, the accuracy of device was verified, and then the effects of water type, pressure, inhibitor, and gas–liquid ratios (GLR) on methane hydrate (MH) formation were studied. The results show that (1) In fresh water, after the formation of methane hydrate, the pressure of methane gas in the container drops by 6.73 MPa, while in 10% NaCl brine, the pressure of methane gas in the container only drops by 1.24 MPa, since the NaCl is a thermodynamic inhibitor, which inhibits the formation of MH, the amount of dissolved gas in the brine is less, resulting in less pressure drop within the container. (2) Compared with fresh water, the kinetic inhibitor GID3 can better inhibit the generation of MH, but when the dosage of GID3 is 1.0 and 2.0 wt %, the pressure drop of MH in the container is 0.71 and 2.18 MPa, respectively. Therefore, excess inhibitor will reduce its inhibitory effect. (3) When the pressure and GLR increase, the hydrate can absorb more methane after it is formed. However, when there are inhibitors in the fluid, the law of dissolved methane becomes complicated. (4) Appropriate decomposition solution helps to accelerate the decomposition of MH and reduce hydrate blockage in the wellbore during drilling. This article provides a reference for the formation of hydrate in the wellbore during hydrate exploitation.

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A study to optimize drilling fluids to improve borehole stability in natural gas hydrate frozen ground

Cited by 34 publications

References 13 publications

Hydroxyethyl cellulose as a rheology modifier for water-based drilling fluids formulated with Algerian bentonite

Hydroxyethyl cellulose as a rheology modifier for water-based drilling fluids formulated with Algerian bentonite

Utilization of recycled chemical residues from sodium hydrosulfite production in solid lubricant for drilling fluids

Effects of Different Factors on Methane Hydrate Formation Using a Visual Wellbore Simulator

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