A study on the use of lead fluoride for electromagnetic calorimetry

Zhang

Zhu

2010

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

Abstract-An effort was made to introduce scintillation light in lead fluoride crystals by selective doping. It was found that some rare earth ions doped in the lead fluoride crystal may serve as luminescence centers. The photo-and X-luminescence spectra, the decay time constants and the light outputs were measured for these doped samples. The decay time was found to be at a few milliseconds for these rare earth doped lead fluoride samples, which is too long to be useful for the homogeneous hadronic calorimeter detector concept with dual readout for future high energy physics experiments. Work to introduce scintillation in lead fluoride will continue.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Search for Scintillation in Doped Cubic Lead Fluoride Crystals

Zhang

Zhu

2010

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

“…Hu reported the synthesis of BaF 2 whiskers by a microemulsion-mediated hydrothermal procedure [3]. PbF 2 is one of the fluorides that have a wide range of potential applications in microelectronic and optoelectronic devices, and it has also been reported to have been used as a scintillator in electromagnetic calorimetry [4], high-energy particle detector, and solid electrolytes [5]. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports on the preparation of PbF 2 one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The synthesis of PbF₂nanorods in a microemulsion system

Geng

et al. 2007

Nanotechnology

Single-crystalline PbF 2 nanorods with a diameter of 100-500 nm and length of 1-10 μm have been successfully synthesized by a simple sonochemical route in a microemulsion system at room temperature. The morphologies and structures of the nanorods were characterized by x-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The experimental results showed that polyethylene glycol 6000 played an important role in the formation of PbF 2 nanorods. Room-temperature photoluminescence measurements indicated that the as-prepared PbF 2 nanorods had strong green emission, which could have potential applications in optoelectronic devices.

“…Table IV summarizes the decay time constants for the PbF samples doped with Er, Ho, Eu, Sm and Tb. They were found at a millisecond scale as expected from the f-f transition of these rare earth elements [18], [24]. These time constants are too long to be useful for high energy physics experiments.…”

Section: Crystals For the Hhcal Detector Conceptmentioning

confidence: 92%

Crystals for the HHCAL Detector Concept

Zhang

Zhu

2012

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

Crystal calorimeter has traditionally played an important role in precision measurement of electrons and photons in high energy physics experiments. Recent interest in calorimeter technology extends its application to measurement of hadrons and jets with dual readout for both Cherenkov and scintillation light. Optical and scintillation properties of crystal scintillators commonly used in particle physics experiments are reviewed. Technologies to discriminate Cherenkov and scintillation light is elaborated. Candidate crystals for the homogeneous hadronic calorimeter detector concept and their recent development are discussed.