A Study on the Toxicity and Sublethal Concentrations of Three Insecticides on the Population Dynamics of Green Lacewing Chrysoperla carnea Stephens

Alsendi, Ayad; Kareem, Ali A.; Havasi, Mohammad reza; Golmohammadi, Gholamreza

doi:10.22268/ajpp-41.1.028036

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…However, it simultaneously poses risks to essential living organisms, including humans, and environmental frameworks. The residues of these pes ticides were found in water [1], soil [2], food, and living sys tems [3,4]. Pes ticides are mainly used to des troy pes ts, living organisms with the same physiology and anatomy as other essential organisms like bees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of ethylene bisdithiocarbamate fungicides in wastewater and agricultural runoff by zinc oxide nanoparticles before analysis by HPLC and UV-Vis spectroscopy

Danjuma Sani,

Abbaraju,

Venugopal

et al. 2024

Anal. Method Environ. Chem. J.

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This study developed an applied method based on the degradation to remove ethylene bisdithiocarbamate (EBDC) fungicides from wastewater and agricultural runoff by zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs). The synthesized ZnONPs were characterized using XRD for material crystallinity, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and particle size analysis (PSA) for surface structure, morphology and particle size (nm), respectively. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) spectra confirmed the presence of zinc and showed that the synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles were pure. Determination of the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of Mancozeb (MCZ) fungicides based on ZnONPs was performed. Different amounts of ZnONPs were loaded into an MCZ fungicide solution in different concentrations. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV-Vis spectroscopy were used to determine the dithiocarbamate residue and the degradation efficiency of the synthesized particles. The particle size distribution of the synthesized ZnONPs was found to be in the range of 50-95 nm. At optimum conditions, with a ZnONPs dosage of 10 mg, (MCZ) fungicide concentration of 9.37 mg L-1, and a duration of 60 minutes, the degradation efficiency was surpassed at more than 95%. Additionally, the nanoparticles demonstrated excellent reusability and maintained efficient activity for up to three cycles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of ethylene bisdithiocarbamate fungicides in wastewater and agricultural runoff by zinc oxide nanoparticles before analysis by HPLC and UV-Vis spectroscopy

Danjuma Sani,

Abbaraju,

Venugopal

et al. 2024

Anal. Method Environ. Chem. J.

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“…Residual pesticides are stored grain's record commonly a protectant against stored-product insects. These pesticides are applied directly to the product and protect against stored-grain pests if the insecticidal effect persists [7,8] .However, [9] states that using these protectants stances numerous problems, as they usually leave residues in the product and are toxic to mammals; additionally, several insect species are unaffected by some residual protectants. This led many researchers to assess the possible practice of other control methods because of limitations, such as growth regulators of insects, botanicals, microbial methods, inert dust, and biological methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Diatomaceous Earth (DE) Against the Stored Product Beetles, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) under Laboratory Conditions

Al Hab,

Al-Zurfi

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Studies on the control of the saw-toothed grain beetle Oryzaephilus surinamensis with a commercial formulation of the Diatomaceous Earth or diatomite (D); (silicon dioxide made up of fossilised diatoms) were carried out at the Entomology Laboratory at a relative humidity of 50 ± 5%, and ambient temperature of 28 ± 2 °C. Laboratory experiments were applied to assess the efficacy of Diatomaceous Earth dust; silicon dioxide commercially on 2nd-5th instar larvae and adults of O. surinamensis. Three concentrations of Diatomaceous Earth (DE) were weighed (2, 3, and 4 grams), and each concentration was mixed with 100 grams of amber rice grains. Beetles were fed on amber rice grains treated with (DE). The results showed that Diatomaceous Earth (DE) was significantly effective at all tested concentrations after 7 days post-treatment. Nevertheless, susceptibility showed visible significant differences in the mortality level on the last day of the tests between adults, 2nd, 5th instar larvae which were treated with three (DE) concentrations. Adults were least susceptible, while 2nd and 5th instar larvae were most susceptible to DE. All Diatomaceous Earth (DE) was significant and more effective on insect life at a higher concentration of 4 g/100 kg, where the mortality proportion was 100%, 99.50% for 2nd, and 5th instar larvae, respectively, and 97.50% for an adult after 5 days post-treatment. However, all O. surinamensis life stages’ mortality percentages reached 100% after 7 days post-treatment. Consequently, due to the effectiveness of this Diatomaceous Earth on different life stages of O. surinamensis, they could be recommended for the management of this insect. Furthermore, to achieve more effective control over this beetle, formulation of the Diatomaceous Earth (DE); Silicon dioxide, could be used since it appeared to be most effective and consistence in its action against different life stages of the beetle. Lastly, the possibility of using Diatomaceous earth to manage stored-product insects has been debated.

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“…Though, the wide use of synthetic pesticides produced numerous problems, such as insect resistance to the pesticides, and mental pollution, with adverse effects on human health and other organisms [4][5][6]. Reducing the chemical insecticide problems in agriculture has encouraged searching for the development of alternative pest control methods in stored insects [7,8]. Many entomopathogenic fungal fungi (EPFs) have been assessed on the stored grain insects, with I. fumosorosea, B. bassiana, Lecanicillium spp, and M. anisopliae [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Commercial and Local Entomopathogenic Fungi Metarhizium anisopliae Against Ephestia cautella (Lepidoptera: Pyralida) under Lab Conditions

Swedaan,

Al-Zurfi

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The Ephestia cautella (Walk) (Lepidoptera: Pyralida) is a crucial insect of storage products worldwide. The experiments were conducted to assess Entomopathogenic Fungi (EPFs) (two isolates) with commercial formulations, Met 52 EC (Metarhizium anisopliae strain F52) and local entomopathogenic fungal isolates against Ephestia cautella. Commercial formulations of entomopathogenic fungal M. anisopliae affected the main mortality levels in the E.cautella adult at all three sporal concentrations (2×104, 2×106, 2×108 spore/ml), compared to the local isolates of M. anisopliae. Corrected mortality of E.cautella adult caused by both Commercial and local M. anisopliae 7 days after exposure at 2 × 108 spore/ml was 32±1.3 and 48 ± 1.4 %, respectively. 2nd, 5th instar larvae had a higher mortality level than the adults of E. cautella. The results reveal that Entomopathogenic Fungi isolated from the UK and Iraq can be applied as the microbial bio-agent control against E. castella. Consequently, more studies are required to develop commercial Entomopathogenic Fungi of naturally isolated.

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A Study on the Toxicity and Sublethal Concentrations of Three Insecticides on the Population Dynamics of Green Lacewing Chrysoperla carnea Stephens

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Removal of ethylene bisdithiocarbamate fungicides in wastewater and agricultural runoff by zinc oxide nanoparticles before analysis by HPLC and UV-Vis spectroscopy

Removal of ethylene bisdithiocarbamate fungicides in wastewater and agricultural runoff by zinc oxide nanoparticles before analysis by HPLC and UV-Vis spectroscopy

Effect of Diatomaceous Earth (DE) Against the Stored Product Beetles, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) under Laboratory Conditions

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Commercial and Local Entomopathogenic Fungi Metarhizium anisopliae Against Ephestia cautella (Lepidoptera: Pyralida) under Lab Conditions

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