A Study on the Productivity and Cost Analysis of the Timber and Logging Residue in CTL System of Excavator Yarding for Using the Woody Resources

Lee, Chung Geon; Choi, Yun Sung; Ju, Young Min; Lee, Sang Yeol; Nam, Yoon Sung; Cho, La Hoon; Kim, Jin Myeong; Oh, Kwang Cheol; Cho, Min Jae; Lee, Eun Jai; Jeong-hak, Oh，; Han, Sang Gyun; Song, Du; Kim, Dae Hyun

doi:10.7849/ksnre.2016.9.12.3.51

Cited by 2 publications

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“…In our study, mean SS extraction productivity was 6.03 ± 1.90 m 3 /SMH, which is very similar to the findings by Kim and Park [30] and Lee et al [31], whose results were 5.21 and 6.57 m 3 /SMH, respectively (Figure 4). These previous studies likely operated under similar conditions: an average DBH of 22 to 26 cm, tree volume of 0.24 to 0.27 m 3 , and slope of 36 to 44%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Performance Analysis of Log Extraction by a Small Shovel Operation in Steep Forests of South Korea

Lee

Han

2019

Forests

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In South Korea, logs for low-value products, such as pulpwood and fuelwood, are primarily extracted from harvest sites and transported to roadside or landing areas using small shovels. Previous studies on log extraction, however, have focused on cable yarding operations with the goal of improving productivity on steep slopes and inaccessible sites, leaving small-shovel operations relatively unexamined. Therefore, the main objectives were to determine small-shovel extraction productivity and costs and to evaluate the impact of related variables on productivity. In addition, we developed a model to estimate productivity under various site conditions. The study took place in 30 case study areas; each area has trees with stems at a diameter at breast height ranging from 18 to 32 cm and a steep slope (greater than 15%). The areas ranged from 241 to 1129 trees per hectare, with conifer, deciduous, and mixed stands. Small-shovel drives ranged from 36 to 72 m per extraction cycle from stump to landing. The results indicated that the mean extraction productivity of small-shovel operations ranged between 2.44 to 9.85 m 3 per scheduled machine hour (including all delays). At the forest level, the estimated average stump-to-forest road log production costs were US $4.37 to 17.66/m 3 . Small-shovel productivity was significantly correlated with stem size (diameter at breast height and tree volume) and total travelled distance (TTD). However, a Pearson's correlation analysis indicated that stand density and slope did not have a significant effect on productivity. Our findings provide insights into how stem size and TTD influence small shovel performance and the predictive ability of productivity. Further, this information may be a valuable asset to forest planners and managers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Box and whisker plots of productivity between the current study and previous studies: Kim and Park[30] and Lee et al[31]; both studies evaluated the shovel logging productivity. The X indicates mean value.…”

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confidence: 68%

Performance Analysis of Log Extraction by a Small Shovel Operation in Steep Forests of South Korea

Lee

Han

2019

Forests

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“…Many studies have analyzed the productivity and costs of extracting logs using various tree-harvesting systems [19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Although Lee et al [26] analyzed the productivity and cost factors for forest-biomass harvesting using the cut-to-length harvesting system, studies on the effects of forest-biomass harvesting systems with whole-tree harvesting are still insufficient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Productivity and Cost between Two Integrated Harvesting Systems in South Korea

Cho

Choi

Paik

et al. 2019

Forests

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Interest in the production of renewable energy using forest biomass is increasing in South Korea, and improved knowledge on operations logistics to lower biomass harvesting costs is needed. This study aimed to build a low-cost forest-biomass harvesting system by analyzing the costs of two integrated (cut-to-length and whole-tree) harvesting systems for logs and logging residues. Two integrated harvesting systems were carried out in the clear-cut mixed forest on a steep slope. Compared to the cut-to-length system that separately extracts logs and logging residues in a forest, the cable whole-tree harvesting system can save $8.8/green weight ton (Gwt) because it requires no additional yarding operation cost of logging residues. Moreover, a breakeven analysis shows that the required machine utilization rates that favor whole-tree harvesting systems over cut-to-length harvesting were more than 70% for cable harvesting systems. The introduction of the whole-tree harvesting system is, therefore, required to produce forest biomass at a low cost. In the future, studies on forest-biomass processing and transportation systems will be needed to provide a biomass feedstock supply cost from stump to biomass power plant.

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A Study on the Productivity and Cost Analysis of the Timber and Logging Residue in CTL System of Excavator Yarding for Using the Woody Resources

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Performance Analysis of Log Extraction by a Small Shovel Operation in Steep Forests of South Korea

Performance Analysis of Log Extraction by a Small Shovel Operation in Steep Forests of South Korea

Comparison of Productivity and Cost between Two Integrated Harvesting Systems in South Korea

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