“…Previously, researchers have illustrated that UV mutagenesis could improve strain performance, although the mutagenesis strain needed to be screened to ensure effectiveness (Yamada et al , ). It is documented that the effect of UV irradiation is related to the UV power, the irradiation time, the irradiation distance, the amount of bacteria solution and the area of the bacterial solution (Li et al , ). From the Fig.…”
Summary
This paper reports on the treatment of Acetobacter xylinum (CGMCC No. 7431) by ultraviolet (UV) to investigate the role of mutagenesis on the production of cellulose. When Acetobacter xylinum was treated at intervals of UV mutagenesis, the treatment times of 3 and 4 min formed more compact bacterial cellulose. The activation conditions, including the medium nutrients that affected the yield of bacterial cellulose, were investigated including the use of coconut milk. The optimal yield of bacterial cellulose was 43.91 ± 3.89 g L−1, which was 1.22 times higher than that obtained from the wild type without any treatment. The experimental results suggested that different UV factors could significantly affect the yield of bacterial cellulose. The resulting bacterial cellulose has a potential as a novel functional food material.
“…Previously, researchers have illustrated that UV mutagenesis could improve strain performance, although the mutagenesis strain needed to be screened to ensure effectiveness (Yamada et al , ). It is documented that the effect of UV irradiation is related to the UV power, the irradiation time, the irradiation distance, the amount of bacteria solution and the area of the bacterial solution (Li et al , ). From the Fig.…”
Summary
This paper reports on the treatment of Acetobacter xylinum (CGMCC No. 7431) by ultraviolet (UV) to investigate the role of mutagenesis on the production of cellulose. When Acetobacter xylinum was treated at intervals of UV mutagenesis, the treatment times of 3 and 4 min formed more compact bacterial cellulose. The activation conditions, including the medium nutrients that affected the yield of bacterial cellulose, were investigated including the use of coconut milk. The optimal yield of bacterial cellulose was 43.91 ± 3.89 g L−1, which was 1.22 times higher than that obtained from the wild type without any treatment. The experimental results suggested that different UV factors could significantly affect the yield of bacterial cellulose. The resulting bacterial cellulose has a potential as a novel functional food material.
“…The population of microorganisms in the air was expressed in CFU/m 3 . For the settle plate method, the population of colonies microorganisms will be calculated using the formula by Li et al [20] as follows:…”
Section: Application Of the Commercial Uv-c Lampmentioning
Airborne microorganisms must be controlled, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, to prevent infectious diseases. This research was conducted to prepare a clean room and eliminate infectious pathogens. This study studied a 36-watt UV C commercial lamp to examine its effectiveness in controlling airborne microorganisms in rooms at Universitas Indonesia. The germicide effect of lamp (100 mJ/cm 2 ) predicted by the UV-C test card could be achieved at a distance of 2 to 3 meter after exposure for 60 minutes. UV-C's effectiveness as a germicide was also tested on bacteria, yeast, and mold. No germicides were observed in A. parasiticus and C. lunata after being exposed to the UV-C light at 1 to 2 meters distance for 60 minutes. The germicides UV-C lamps were also applied in examined rooms. Active and passive sampling methods measured airborne microorganisms before and after the treatment of UV-C lamp. The lowest germicide effect of UV-C lamp was 37.66% in the collaboration laboratory, and the highest was 86.12% obtained in seminar room at Department of Biology. Many factors, such as the type of group of microorganisms, air circulation, and equipment in the room, influence the germicide effect of UV-C lamp. Based on existing microorganism populations, the examined indoor air has good quality under 1,000 CFU/m 3 .
“…In a small standard room/practice room, if the coverage is too large, then the robot has to walk to every corner of the room and carry out the sterilization process for +-10 minutes for 1 corner. In the process the efficiency of UV-C light is affected by the UV-C power used, irradiation time, and irradiation distance [18].…”
Mobile robots can be used in a variety of Internet of Things projects. The sterilization robot is created in the form of a mobile robot by combining two microcontrollers. The Arduino Uno microcontroller provides a sensor acquisition device, while the ESP32-cam provides the actuator controller, which is linked to the Wi-Fi network displayed on the web server. The millis function has been used in the Arduino module programming process because it requires doing tasks at the same time. This modeling system has an accuracy of about 80% for Arduino module settings as sensor controllers and 80%-86% for ESP32-cam modules as user interfaces and actuator controllers. This is due to the sensor's limited range and the Wi-Fi network used.
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