A study on Surgical Site Infections (SSI) and associated factors in a government tertiary care teaching hospital in Mysore, Karnataka

Setty, Naveen Kikkeri Hanumantha; Nagaraja, Manjunatha Shimoga; Nagappa, Dinesh Halumatthigatta; Giriyaiah, Chandrakumar Seegekote; Gowda, Naveen Ramanagaram; Naik, Revathi Devi Mysore Laxmipathy

doi:10.4103/2230-8598.133126

Cited by 32 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In present study, patients who had history of surgical procedures were 3.64 times more likely to develop SSIs, AOR = 3.64(95% CI[0.539–24.537]) compared with patients who were not exposed for surgical procedure previously which was in line with other study [23]. We found prolonged operation is risk factor for SSIs because period of greatest risk for infection is the time between opening and closing the operation site [1, 30].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Incidence and predictors of surgical site infection in Ethiopia: prospective cohort

2017

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BackgroundSurgical site infections are commonest nosocomial infections and responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality as well as increased hospitalizations and treatment cost related to surgical operations. The aim of this study was to determine incidence and predictors of surgical site infections at surgical ward of Hawassa University Referral Hospital, Southern Ethiopia.MethodsWe performed prospective study involving 105 patients that undergone major surgical procedure at Hawassa University Referral Hospital from March 2 to May 2, 2015. Data were extracted from paper based medical charts, operational and anesthesia note, by direct observation and patients’ interview. All patients were followed daily before, during and after operation for 30 days starting from the date of operation. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for window version 20.0 software. Predictors of Surgical site infections were identified using multivariable logistic regression model. P-value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.ResultWe studied 105 patients. Sixty four patients (61%) were males. The mean age of the patients was 30.85 ± 17.72 years. The mean Body Mass Index (BMI) was 21.6 ± 4 kg/m2. Twenty patients (19.1%) developed surgical site infections. Age greater than 40 years, AOR = 7.7(95% CI [1.610–40.810 p = 0.016,]), preoperative hospital stay more than 7 days, AOR = 22.4(95% CI [4.544–110.780, p = 0.001]), duration of operation more than 1 hour, AOR = 8.01(95% CI [1.562–41.099, p = 0.013]) and administering antimicrobial prophylaxis before 1 hour of operation, AOR = 11.1 (95% CI [1.269–75.639, p = 0.014]) were independent predictors for surgical site infections.ConclusionSurgical site infection is relatively high.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The finding was similar to studies done in India 20.09% [21], Nigeria 20.3% [22], India 21.66% [23] and Egypt 22.6% [24]. But, lower compared to studies done in Tanzania 26% [5], India 33.5% [25] and Mekele, Ethiopia 75% [11].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Incidence and predictors of surgical site infection in Ethiopia: prospective cohort

2017

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“…The possible explanation might be patients with long stay in hospital before surgery exposes to contamination or colonization by pathogens which will contribute to the occurrence of SSIs [68], suggesting that shortening the preoperative hospital stay reduces the incidence rate of SSIs. Although preoperative blood transfusions and smoking have been established as risk factors for SSIs in other studies [17,64], these findings were not supported by our meta-analysis results. Further studies are, therefore, required to validate these observations among Ethiopian patients.…”

Section: Note: Weights Are From Random Effects Analysiscontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Those patients with a history of previous surgery had a significant association with a surgical site infection. This finding supported by other studies conducted in India [64]. The odds of clean contaminated wound were nearly two times to have SSI, which is similar to studies from Cameroon [20], China [59], Nepal [67], and Uganda [15].…”

Section: Note: Weights Are From Random Effects Analysissupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Similarly, we found that those who had diabetes mellitus were significantly associated with SSIs. This finding supported by other studies conducted in Yemen [63], Nigeria [57], India [64], and Tanzania [17]. Previous studies have shown that patients with pre-existing illnesses, such as diabetes mellitus are at high risk of developing SSI due to their low immunity and that may slow the healing process [65].…”

Section: Note: Weights Are From Random Effects Analysissupporting

confidence: 81%

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Surgical site infection and its associated factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Shiferaw

Aynalem

Akalu

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Despite being a preventable complication of surgical procedures, surgical site infections (SSIs) continue to threaten public health with significant impacts on the patients and the health-care human and financial resources. With millions affected globally, there issignificant variation in the primary studies on the prevalence of SSIs in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of SSI and its associated factors among postoperative patients in Ethiopia. Methods:PubMed, Scopus, Psyinfo, African Journals Online, and Google Scholar were searched for studies that looked at SSI in postoperative patients. A funnel plot and Egger's regression test were used to determine publication bias. The I 2 statistic was used to check heterogeneity between the studies. DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was applied to estimate the pooled effect size, odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence interval (CIs) across studies. The subgroup analysis was conducted by region, sample size, and year of publication.Sensitivity analysis was deployed to determine the effect of a single study on the overall estimation. Analysis was done using STATA™ Version 14 software. Result:A total of 24 studies with 13,136 study participants were included in this study.The estimated pooled prevalence of SSI in Ethiopia was 12.3% (95% CI: 10.19, 14.42). Duration of surgery > 1 hour (AOR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.08 -2.94), diabetes mellitus (AOR = 3.25; 95% CI:1.51-6.99), American Society of Anaesthesiologists score >1 (AOR = 2.51; 95% CI: 1.07-5.91), previous surgery (AOR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.77-3.53), clean-contaminated wound (AOR = 2.15; 95% CI: 1.52-3.04), and preoperative hospital stay > 7 day (AOR = 5.76; 95% CI: 1.15-28.86), were significantly associated with SSI. Conclusion:The prevalence of SSI among postoperative patients in Ethiopia remains high with a pooled prevalence of 12.3% in 24 extracted studies. Therefore, situation based interventions and region context-specific preventive strategies should be developed to reduce the prevalence of SSI among postoperative patients.

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Poly-ε-Caprolactone/Propolis Electrospun Yarns as Suture

2023

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A study on Surgical Site Infections (SSI) and associated factors in a government tertiary care teaching hospital in Mysore, Karnataka

Cited by 32 publications

References 8 publications

Incidence and predictors of surgical site infection in Ethiopia: prospective cohort

Incidence and predictors of surgical site infection in Ethiopia: prospective cohort

Surgical site infection and its associated factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Poly-ε-Caprolactone/Propolis Electrospun Yarns as Suture

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