A study on some effects of a drag-reducing agent on the performance of a stirred vessel

Water Soluble Polymers

“…However, as noted above, aggregates 500 nm remained at higher temperatures. It should be noted that such large aggregates may not be useful for drug delivery vehicles, where block copolymer micelles are suggested to be 10-80 nm in size [65]. The larger aggregates observed in the present study may be more amenable to water treatment or enhanced oil recovery (EOR) applications where larger aggregates are more effective in altering the solution viscosity, which is important in EOR [66].…”

“…This polymer has a highly negative charge density in aqueous medium due to dissociation of the acid groups. Therefore, PAA is one of the most extensively used aqueous anionic polyelectrolytes, and its degree of ionization is dependent on the pH of the solution [64,65]. At a low pH, PAA is known to adopt a more compact conformation and can associate with various non-ionic polymers to form hydrogen-bonded inter-polymeric complexes due to the absence of negative charges in the backbone of PAA.…”

Prediction of Field Drag Reduction by a Modified Practical Pipe Diameter Model

“…The drag reduction phenomenon has been the subject of much study in the past. The influences of the addition of a drag‐reducing agent to a pure liquid (water) in stirred vessels and turbulent channels, the effects of salinity and temperature on the extent of the drag reduction of polymers flowing in straight circular pipes, and the influence of molecular weight and nanofluids on drag reduction were investigated in different reports . There is a general consensus that drag reduction increases with higher molecular weight of the polymers.…”