A study on PCB, PCDD/PCDF industrial contamination in a mixed urban-agricultural area significantly affecting the food chain and the human exposure. Part I: Soil and feed

Turrio-Baldassarri, Luigi; Abate, Vittorio; Alivernini, Silvia; Battistelli, Chiara Laura; Carasi, Sergio; Casella, Marialuisa; Iacovella, Nicola; Iamiceli, Anna Laura; Indelicato, A.; Scarcella, Carmelo; Rocca, Cinzia La

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.05.124

Cited by 76 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The average PCDD/Fs concentration at recycling sites was statistically higher (P < 0.05) than that at control sites. The total concentrations of PCDD/Fs were higher than available data from some industrialized areas in China (30, 33) but were 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than levels found at Guiyu (5) and some contaminated areas in other countries (32,34). The PCDD/Fs concentrations were at the same level among different recycling sites in this study.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 73%

Identification of Ah Receptor Agonists in Soil of E-waste Recycling Sites from Taizhou Area in China

Shen

Huang

Wang

et al. 2007

Environ. Sci. Technol.

117

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In recent years, increasing concern has surrounded the consequences of improper electric and electronic waste (ewaste) disposal. In order to mitigate or remediate the potentially severe toxic effects of e-waste recycling on the environment, organisms, and humans, many contaminated sites must first be well-characterized. In this study, soil samples were taken from Taizhou city, one of the largest e-waste disposal centers in China, which was involved in recycling for nearly 30 years. The extracts of the samples were assayed for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-mediated ethoxyresorufin-Odeethylase (EROD) induction in the rat hepatoma cell line H4IIE. Some of the target AhR agonists, including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), were instrumentally analyzed as well. The cause-effect relationship and dose-response relationship between the chemical concentrations of AhR agonists and observed EROD activity were examined. The results showed that soil extracts could induce AhR activity significantly, and the chemically derived 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) equivalents (TEQ cal ) were perfectly correlated to bioassay-derived TCDD equivalents (TEQ bio ; R ) 0.96, P < 0.001), which indicated that the known AhR agonists could account for the observed responses. Among different contributors, PCBs accounted for 87.2-98.2% and PCDD/Fs contributed 1.7-11.6% of TEQ cal , while the contribution of PAHs could almost be neglected. Under these conditions, a quantitative dose-effect relationship between TEQ PCB and EROD activity could be evaluated, suggesting that the observed AhR effect was mainly caused by PCBs. Further source identification by congener profiles analysis showed that the crude dismantling of electric power devices and open burning of electric wires and printed circuit boards may be the main sources of these dioxin-like compounds. This study suggests that the combination of in vitro bioassay and chemical analysis is useful to screen, identify, and prioritize AhR agonists in soil from e-waste recycling areas.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 73%

Identification of Ah Receptor Agonists in Soil of E-waste Recycling Sites from Taizhou Area in China

Shen

Huang

Wang

et al. 2007

Environ. Sci. Technol.

117

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“…The levels were comparable to those found at a site for dismantling PCBcontaining equipment in Taizhou (Zhao et al, 2006b), and at the open-burning site in Guiyu (Wong et al, 2007b). However, they were lower than those detected at some heavily polluted sites (Priha et al, 2005;Herrick et al, 2007;Turrio-Baldassarri et al, 2007). The greatest total concentrations of PCBs were observed at locations 5, 6 and 9 (65-100 ng/g dw), all of which were relatively near to the e-waste recycling sites when compared to other locations.…”

Section: Pcbsmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Therefore, agricultural soil in this area could be judged as polluted by dioxin-like compounds, based on the agricultural soil guidelines of 4.0-10 pg/g dw from Canada, New Zealand and Sweden (MfE/MoH,1997;BMU, 1999;CCME, 2003). In general, the concentrations of TEQ cal found in Taizhou were comparable to those in some heavily contaminated areas such as Guiyu, Ya-Er Lake area in China, Bien Hoa Airbase in Vietnam and Brescia in Italy (Mai et al, 2007;Turrio-Baldassarri et al, 2007;Cai et al, 2008).…”

Section: Teq Cal From Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 63%

“…The maximum PCDF concentrations of 490 and 540 pg/g dw were found at locations 5 and 6 respectively, which were one magnitude greater than those obtained at the other locations (ranging from 30 to 86 pg/g dw). The total PCDD/Fs concentrations (range: 210 to 850 pg/g dw, with a mean value of 500 pg/g dw) in the agricultural area in Taizhou were higher than those in some areas such as Ya-Er Lake area, Beijing, Hangzhou and Taiwan in China (Wu et al, 2002;Zhou et al, 2006;Yan et al, 2007;Cai et al, 2008), but were lower than those from some highly contaminated regions such as Akita in Japan, Bien Hoa Airbase in Southern Vietnam and Brescia in Italy (Kiguchi et al, 2007;Mai et al, 2007;Turrio-Baldassarri et al, 2007). When compared with Guiyu, another ewaste recycling center in China, the PCDD/Fs concentration levels were in accordance with those found in a rice field, greater than those observed in a printer roller dump site, and less than those obtained in an acid leaching site (Leung et al, 2007).…”

Section: Teq Bio From Erod Bioassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dioxin-like compounds in agricultural soils near e-waste recycling sites from Taizhou area, China: Chemical and bioanalytical characterization

Shen

Chen

Huang

et al. 2009

Environment International

153

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“…Unfortunately, current studies on PCB contamination in nearby soils have mainly focused on dioxin-like PCBs and have not included CB-209 (e.g. Turrio-Baldassarri et al 2007); new studies are therefore necessary. Other possible point sources are incinerators or metal industry plants in which the burning of plastic materials in the presence of chlorine may produce stable chlorinated organic compounds such as PCDDs and PCDFs (e.g.…”

Section: Pcb Levels In Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in air and soil from a high-altitude pasture in the Italian Alps: evidence of CB-209 contamination

Tremolada

Guazzoni

Comolli

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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This study analyses the seasonal trend of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) concentrations in air and soil from a high-altitude mountain pasture in the Italian Alps. PCB concentrations in soil were generally comparable to background levels and were lower than those previously measured in the same area. Only CB-209 unexpectedly showed high concentrations with respect to the other congeners. GC-MS-MS identification was very clear, rising a new problem of increasing PCB contamination concerning only CB-209, which is not present in commercial mixtures used in the past in Italy and Europe. Considering all of the congeners, seasonal PCB trends were observed both in air and in soil that were related to the temperature and precipitation measured specifically in the study area. Highly significant relationships were found between the temperature-normalised concentrations in soil and the precipitation amounts. A north/south enrichment factor was present only in soil with rapid early summer revolatilisation kinetics from soil to air and autumn redeposition events from air to soil. Fugacity ratio calculations confirmed these trends. Surface soils respond rapidly to meteorological variables, while subsurface soils respond much more slowly. Seasonal trends were different for the northern and southern sides of the mountain. A detailed picture of the interactions among temperature, precipitation, mountain aspects and soil features was obtained.

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A study on PCB, PCDD/PCDF industrial contamination in a mixed urban-agricultural area significantly affecting the food chain and the human exposure. Part I: Soil and feed

Cited by 76 publications

References 10 publications

Identification of Ah Receptor Agonists in Soil of E-waste Recycling Sites from Taizhou Area in China

Identification of Ah Receptor Agonists in Soil of E-waste Recycling Sites from Taizhou Area in China

Dioxin-like compounds in agricultural soils near e-waste recycling sites from Taizhou area, China: Chemical and bioanalytical characterization

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in air and soil from a high-altitude pasture in the Italian Alps: evidence of CB-209 contamination

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