A Study on Myogenesis by Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Cytotoxic Activity by Selenium Nanoparticles

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continuously produced by skeletal muscle during contractile activity and even at rest. However, the ROS generated from excessive exercise or traumatic damage may produce more ROS than can be neutralized by an antioxidant capacity, which can be harmful to muscle function. In particular, selenium is a known antioxidant that regulates physiological functions such as cell differentiation and anti-inflammatory function. In this study, we developed nano-sized antioxidative biomaterials using selenium to investigate the protective and differentiation effects against C2C12 myoblasts in an H2O2-induced oxidative stress environment. The selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were produced with a size of 35.6 ± 4.3 nm and showed antioxidant effects according to the 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine assay. Then, SeNPs were treated to C2C12 cells with or without H2O2. Our results showed that SeNPs reduced C2C12 apoptosis and intracellular ROS levels. Additionally, SeNPs effectively up-regulated in the presence of H2O2, MyoD, MyoG, α-actinin, and myosin heavy chain, which are well known to increase during myoblast differentiation as assayed by qRT-PCR, immunocytochemistry-staining, western blotting. These results demonstrate that SeNPs can accelerate differentiation with its protective effects from the ROS environment and can be applied to the treatment of skeletal muscle in a cellular redox environment.

Selenium Nanoparticles Attenuate Cobalt Nanoparticle-Induced Skeletal Muscle Injury: A Study Based on Myoblasts and Zebrafish

“…CoNPs can also cause cells to produce more inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α and IL-1β, which can trigger an inflammatory response and further increase oxidative stress [ 34 ]. Selenium acts as an antioxidant and enhances the activity of intracellular antioxidative defense systems, effectively clearing ROS to protect cells from oxidative stress-induced damage [ 35 ]. Furthermore, SeNPs have been found to regulate the function of various antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD).…”

“…In zebrafish embryos, exposure to high concentrations of CoNPs is toxic and negatively impacts development [ 40 ]. Additional studies indicate that SeNPs have the potential to enhance fish growth through antioxidant mechanisms and liver health improvement [ 35 , 41 ]. To test the hypothesis that SeNPs can alleviate muscle tissue damage caused by CoNPs, we created a zebrafish model exposed to both Co and Se NPs.…”

Transparent, Robust, and Photochemical Antibacterial Surface Based on Hydrogen Bonding between a Si-Al and Cationic Dye

“…The in vitro cytotoxicity of the Si-Al@CV film was determined using C2C12 (ATCC CRL-1772), a subclone of the mouse myoblast cell line, using the Cell Counting kit-8 (CCK-8, Dojindo Laboratories, Japan) assay. 29 The PET and Si-Al@CV films were cut to dimensions of 4 mm × 5 mm in a rectangular shape and cleaned with DI water. NiSO 4 (99.99%, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) was prepared at a concentration of 10 mg mL -1 in the culture medium as a positive control.…”

Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles in Biomedical Sciences: Properties, Current Trends, Novel Opportunities and Emerging Challenges in Theranostic Nanomedicine

“…Selenium exerts dual effects: at low concentrations, it possesses antioxidant activity by maintaining the intracellular redox status, whereas at higher concentrations, it acts as a pro-oxidant that generates oxygen radicals and provokes apoptotic cell death [ 248 ]. Among all the explored inorganic nanoparticles, much attention has been placed on SeNPs due to their cytotoxic activity since ROS are generated inside malignant cells [ 265 , 266 ]. Furthermore, SeNPs are found to be potential tools in fighting drug resistance, either as effective chemotherapeutic agents or as excellent carriers for gene and drug delivery [ 174 ].…”