A Study on Discharged Coliform into Coastal Bathing Water after Rainfall Event

Abstract

Coastal areas are excellent venues for tourism and recreational activities promoting health and therapeutic benefits for its users. Thus, needless to say, it is very important to ensure good water quality in these bathing areas to protect people's health. Various guidelines regarding beach water quality exist throughout the world. However, proper monitoring systems for efficient collection and analysis of water quality and up-to-date dissemination of information are yet to be widely implemented. In this study, bathing water quality modeling and analysis is performed through the conjunctive use of several powerful modeling softwares. MOUSE, a physically-based model, was used to represent a one-dimensional pipe network model simulating the hydrodynamic and water quality behavior of the urban drainage system of Gentofte, Denmark. MIKE 3 FM was also applied to simulate coastal hydraulics and bacterial advection-dispersion considering biological decay. For the simulated rain events, checking exceedance (where concentration is greater than 500 counts per 100 ml) in defined bathing points identified a maximum total duration of 58 hours in Bellevue beach. However, checking for the entire coastal area revealed a maximum exceedance duration of 212.5 hours. This indicates the importance of comprehensive determination of bathing water quality in the area.

Relationship between Coliform Bacteria and Water Quality Factors at Weir Stations in the Nakdong River, South Korea

“…Precipitation exhibited the strongest correlation with both types of coliform bacteria; at each weir station, it also showed high correlation coefficients of > 0.5 with total coliforms and > 0.7 with fecal coliforms. Byeon et al [10] mentioned the effect of rainfall on coliform concentration. Rainfall can induce increased suspended solids and phosphorus which has strong adsorption ability in rivers; these factors caused positive correlation with the concentration of coliform bacteria.…”

“…Many studies on coliform bacteria have focused on sanitation or disease [2][3][4]. Studies treating coliforms as a water quality factor have addressed distribution and detection [5][6][7][8][9], analyses of discharge characteristics [10,11], and model development and simulation [12][13][14][15][16][17]. Various research topics have been also investigated, such as bacterial source tracking related to the occurrence of coliforms [16], the transport and fate of coliforms [17], and bacterial indicator testing [18].…”