A Study on Demographical, Clinico-Radiological, and Histopathological profile of Bronchial Carcinoma in Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: The demographical, clinico-radiological, and histopathological profiles of bronchial carcinoma are varied with environmental areas, race, and sex. In Bangladesh, the prevalence of bronchial carcinoma has been raised by nearly 200 percent in just three years. Aims: To explore socio-demographical, clinical, radiological, and histopathological patterns of bronchial carcinoma in Bangladesh. Methods and results: A total of 100 histopathologically diagnosed cases of bronchial carcinoma were enrolled in this cross-sectional descriptive study from 1/1/2021 to 31/12/2021. Socio-demographic patterns, smoking habits, history of COPD, clinical features, radiological findings, histopathological patterns of the tumor, and the performance status of participants were documented in our study. Most of the patients were in the fifth and sixth decade, 35% and 34% respectively. 80% of the patients were a smoker. Cough (87%), shortness of breath (61%), and chest pain (58%) were the presenting complaints. Mass lesions (83%) and collapse (8%) were the most common imaging findings. Adenocarcinoma (48%) followed by squamous cell carcinoma (35%) were the common histological types. Logistic regression findings showed that males with COPD had a 1.681 times risk for the development of bronchial carcinoma. Conclusion: The clinico-histopathological profiles of bronchial carcinoma have been shifting, and adenocarcinoma becoming the predominant type in Bangladesh.