A study on coconut fatty acid diethanolamide-based polyurethane foams

Cai, Xiaoxia; Yang, Zhizhou; Zhang, Xian

doi:10.1039/d2ra01361d

Cited by 9 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…These transition temperatures reveal the dissociation of hydrogen bonds which occurs at the glass transition temperature of urethane segments. 25 Similar thermal transitions can also be observed for all PUA foam samples. The enthalpy changes at these transition temperatures also decrease with increasing p-CDEA substitution.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Simultaneously, the presence of relatively short-chain molecules in p-CDEA such as free glycerol decelerates polymer chain propagation thereby reducing the cell resistance towards the accelerated bubble expansion. 25 As a result, significant ripped cells were observed in the prepared PUA foam ( Fig. 9 ) as p-CDEA substitution increased.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…9 ) owing to the relatively high reaction rates of the PUA formation. 25 Relative to the regular foam cell morphology of PU-V490, the presence of ripped cells in the substituted PUA foams reduces the structural integrity thereby reducing their compressive strengths.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…37 The thermal transitions of the prepared foams were evaluated through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) using a PerkinElmer DSC 4000 (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA) with a heating rate of 10 °C minute −1 (sample weight 5–10 mg). 25 Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out using a Shimadzu DTG 60H (Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan) under a nitrogen atmosphere with a heating rate of 10 °C from 45 °C to 800 °C (sample weight 5–10 mg). The morphological features of the foams' surfaces were evaluated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using a JEOL JSM-6510LA SEM (JEOL, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12,[21][22][23][24] However, previous studies on saturated vegetable oil modication reported polyols with low hydroxyl values, which necessitates petroleum-based polyol replacement to be effective for use in rigid PU foam formation. 25,26 This major limitation is attributed to the mostly unsaturated composition of vegetable oil triglycerides making it less capable of hydroxyl functionalization. 7 Philippines is the second-largest coconut producer in the world next to Indonesia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel reaction mechanism for the synthesis of coconut oil-derived biopolyol for rigid poly(urethane-urea) hybrid foam application

et al. 2023

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel reaction mechanism for the synthesis of coconut oil-derived biopolyol for rigid poly(urethane-urea) hybrid foam application

et al. 2023

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One‐Step Solvent‐Free Synthesis of Dimer Diamine‐Based Autocatalytic Polyol for the Preparation of Polyurethane Foams

Nasuhoglu,

Çakmakçi,

Kahraman

2024

Macro Materials & Eng

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Herein, this work reports the facile synthesis of a dimer diamine‐based autocatalytic polyol (ACP) and its use in polyurethane foam preparation. The ACP, namely TETRAOL is synthesized in one step, without using solvent, and with 100% atom economy. Additionally, a phosphorous‐modified polyol is synthesized by using 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) and castor oil. In this study, all of the polyol components of the foams are of vegetable oil origin, and amine or tin‐based auxiliary catalysts are not used. The structures of the synthesized autocatalytic polyol as well as other bio‐polyols are characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies. The densities, rise and gel time values, and thermal and mechanical properties of the foams are determined and compared to foams prepared by using a petroleum‐based commercial ACP. The bio‐based TETRAOL‐containing foams display comparable densities and improve thermal properties but longer rise and gel time values concerning the foam prepared by using the commercial ACP.

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Cancellous Bone-like Polyurethane Foam: A Porous Material with Excellent Properties for Ultra-high Energy Absorption

Tan,

Cai,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Compared to osteoporotic bone, normal cancellous bone exhibits greater resistance to impact and energy absorption. The Gibson−Ashby model of cellular structure reveals that the enhancement is attributed to a unique combination of the thick wall and small pores in porous materials. Inspired by this design concept, here, a cancellous bone-like PU foam was developed through the planetary centrifugal mixing (PCM) method. Different from previously reported high energy absorption materials, this porous material possesses a thick-wall (average thickness of 33 μm) and micropore (average size of less than 55 μm) morphology. The enlarged SEM image revealed the presence of nanoscale dispersed conductive carbon blacks embedded within the thick walls in a primary aggregate state. Furthermore, the Raman spectrometer provided additional insights into the interaction between carbon black and the PU matrix. This unique morphology was achieved by the dual actions of centrifugal and tangential forces exerted by PCM, whereby challenges in efficient mixing and dispersion of highly viscous material were successfully overcome. The unique microstructure endows the foam with ultra-high compressive strength (yield strength of 17.0 MPa) and energy absorption capacity (12.19 MJ/m 3 ), which are comparable to polyimide foam (3.31 MJ/m 3 ) and many lattice composite structures (5−14.07 MJ/m 3 ) that are well known for their high energy absorption properties. In addition to the impressive energy absorption capacity, excellent comprehensive properties, such as antistatic property (an electrical conductivity of 0.346 S/m), a low thermal conductivity (0.0274 W/m•K), and fast heating responsiveness (increase by 40 °C within 180 s), are also obtained in this foam. In contrast to the complex and costly approaches in fabricating ultra-high energy absorption materials, this simple and cost-effective method opens up an attractive way in obtaining high energy absorption material with excellent comprehensive properties by a onestep PCM procedure.

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A study on coconut fatty acid diethanolamide-based polyurethane foams

Abstract: Industrial products from coconut oil were purified and processed for the preparation of polyurethane foams.

Cited by 9 publications

References 48 publications

A novel reaction mechanism for the synthesis of coconut oil-derived biopolyol for rigid poly(urethane-urea) hybrid foam application

A novel reaction mechanism for the synthesis of coconut oil-derived biopolyol for rigid poly(urethane-urea) hybrid foam application

One‐Step Solvent‐Free Synthesis of Dimer Diamine‐Based Autocatalytic Polyol for the Preparation of Polyurethane Foams

Cancellous Bone-like Polyurethane Foam: A Porous Material with Excellent Properties for Ultra-high Energy Absorption

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