A study on clinicodemographic profile, severity, and outcome of Covid-19 in hospitalized vaccinated individuals at tertiary care centre

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the demographic profile, clinical severity, and outcome of Covid-19 infection in hospitalised vaccinated individuals. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted among Covid-19 infected hospitalised patients. Clinicodemographic profile, severity, and outcome of Covid-19 infection among the vaccinated group (VG) were recorded. These patients were also compared with unvaccinated group (UVG) with Covid-19 infection admitted during the study period. Cox proportional hazards models was used to estimate hazard ratios for mortality risk in both groups. Results: Out of 580 participants, 48.2% were vaccinated with either one (71%) or two doses (28.9%). In both, VG and UVG, majority 55.8% belonged to 51–75 years. Males were predominant with 62.9% in both VG and UVGs. Day of illness at admission from symptom onset (DOI), progression of disease, ICU stay, oxygen requirement, mortality was significantly higher in UVG than in VG ( p < 0.05). Steroid duration ( p < 0.001) and anti-coagulation time ( p < 0.001) were significantly higher in UVG than in VG. D dimer levels were significantly higher in UVG than in VG ( p < 0.05). Increased age, ( p < 0.0004), severity of disease, ( p < 0.0052), increased oxygen requirement ( p < 0.001), elevated C-reactive protein levels (Moderate: P < 0.0013; Severe P < 0.0082), and elevated IL-6 levels ( p < 0.001) were the significant determinants of Covid-19-related mortality in both VG and UVGs. Conclusion: Vaccinated individuals have shown milder severity, had reduced hospital stay and better outcomes as compared to unvaccinated individuals suggesting a potential vaccine efficacy against Covid-19.