A Study on Biochemical Changes of Lactate, Potassium, and Sodium in Stored Blood Units

Abstract

Introduction: Blood is a bodily fluid that comprises platelets,plasma,WBCs, and RBCs, each of which has a particular function in the body. Blood transfusion is an important life-saving intervention that is performed in a wide range of pathological circumstances.Objectives: To evaluate the cellular and biochemical changes in stored whole blood from Day 0 to Day 28.Materials and Methods: The present study was a hospital-based prospective simple cross-sectional study.After blood donation, a blood sample of 30 ml was collected in a satellite bag from each blood bag.Each sample was divided into 5 portions in a K2 EDTA test tube, plain test tube, and lithium heparin tube. Tubes were kept in the refrigerator at 4-6 degrees and analyzed for plasma lactate, potassium, and sodium on days 7,14, 21, and day 28. statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Version 20. Results: The present study included a total of 62 donors' blood.The mean age of the study cohort was 35 years.Among the studied individuals,41 were male and 21 were females. The cellular level analysis showed a decrease in white blood cells after day 7 from 6.0 x109/ L to 3.5 x109/ L on day 28.The Red blood cell count was 5.6x1012/L on Day 0 and a significant decrease was observed on Day 28.Plasma potassium and lactate levels were significantly increased from Day 0 storage to Day 28. Contrary to Potassium Levels, Plasma Sodium level was significantly decreased from Day 0 storage to Day 28. Conclusion: The present study recorded significant variation in Hematological and Biochemical levels in the CPDA-stored whole blood from Day 0 to Day 28. The Long duration of storage has a high negative impact on the transfusion.Therefore,it is advised to transfuse whole blood before the seventh day of donation for effective transfusion.