A Study of Various Medicinal Plants used in Ulcer Treatment: A Review

Self Cite

It has long been known that medicinal plants include traditional therapeutic ingredients for the treatment and prevention of illnesses and disorders. In order to find out if hydroalcoholic extracts of fenugreek seeds may be used to treat ulcers, this study tested the extracts' capacity to neutralize acids and their ability to block H+/K+ - ATPase. A 1000 mg/ml concentration of the Seeds extract significantly reduced the acidity from 11.90 at the normal 500 mg/ml of Aluminium hydroxide + Magnesium hydroxide to 6.10. The maximum percentage of inhibition of the H+/K+ - ATPase was shown by petals extract at a concentration of 400 g/ml, which is less than the typical dose of esmoprazole (73.82%). The IC 50 value of extract of fenugreek seeds is shown to be 100 g/ml when compared to the average dose of esmoprazole, which is 82.5 g/ml. According to the findings of this study, fenugreek seeds contain compounds that have the ability to neutralize acids and block enzymes, making them a potential alternative treatment for digestive problems.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: [8][9]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of In- Vitro Method of Antiulcer Activity

Kumar¹

2023

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“…There is reduction of γaminobutyric acid following atropine treatment in myopia induced mice. [85][86] Atropine binds to the scleral fibroblast muscarinic receptors that interfere with scleral remodelling, increase the thickness of scleral fibrous layer, reduce extracellular matrix production by decreasing glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis both in the whole sclera and in isolated scleral chondrocytes and upregulate the mRNA levels of MR1, MR3, and MR4 while downregulating MR2 and MR5 mRNA levels in the sclera from mouse eyes with lensinduced myopia. [87][88]…”

Section: Atropa Belladonna Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Approaches of Ocular Disease and Its Herbal Product Treatment: An Updates

Butola¹,

Bisht²,

Kumar³

2023

Self Cite

One of the most common causes of permanent vision loss is glaucoma. Damage to the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells, the root cause of visual field impairment, is typically the result of elevated intraocular pressure. Some patients' illness worsens even when treated with eye medications that reduce intraocular pressure. The pathophysiology of glaucoma is not only thought to involve mechanical and vascular dysfunctions of the eye, but also oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and excitotoxicity. Therefore, natural compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory qualities may offer a different strategy for treating glaucoma. This review summarizes the most up-to-date preclinical and clinical research on natural compounds that have been proven to contain neuroprotective characteristics for retinal ganglion cells and, consequently, may be useful in the treatment of glaucoma. Baicalein, forskolin, marijuana, ginsenoside, resveratrol, and hesperidin are all effective at lowering intraocular pressure. On the other hand, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis mechanisms are among those through which Ginkgo biloba, More research is needed to determine whether natural items can be used as a safe and effective treatment for glaucoma.

“…Cationic NPs are more readily internalized by cells than neutral or anionic NPs because of their favorable electrostatic interactions with negatively charged cell membranes. Because of this, BBB endothelial cell membranes take in positively charged NPs with greater ease [53]. The quick clearance of cationic NPs from the blood by macrophages is a downside to the ease with which they can be taken up by cells.…”

Section: Surface Chargementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, the concurrent application of drug-loaded SLNs with 6hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induction of an SH-SY5Y cell model of PD was cytoprotective [52] . SLNs also successfully delivered anti-inflammatory therapies to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated microglial cells, attenuating nitric oxide production, the expression of nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines [53] . The release of idebenone, an anti-oxidant agent, from SLNs was protective against 2,2′-azobis-(2amidinopropane)dihydrochloride-induced oxidative stress in primary rat astrocytes, as measured by a reduction in cytotoxicity and the production of ROS [55] .…”

Section: Neurodegenerative Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advancement in Self Emulsifing Drug Delivery System

Bist

Faruk

2023

Every day, researchers make new attempts to identify neurotherapeutics, but few of them make it to clinical trials. The main cause is their low bioavailability, which is connected to low water solubility, low permeability through biological membranes, and the hepatic first-pass metabolism. However, the most significant challenge in administering drugs to the brain is overcoming the blood-brain barrier. In order to get around it, intranasal administration has become more popular, sometimes even more so than oral administration. Because of its structure, the nasal cavity can bypass the blood-brain barrier and transport drugs to the brain directly. Nasal absorption increases the systemic bioavailability of highly processed substances because they bypass the hepatic first-pass metabolism. However, due to their unique physicochemical properties, most neurotherapeutics must be synthesized in lipidic nanosystems as self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS). To load large quantities of lipophilic medicines into micro or nanoemulsions, these isotropic mixes of oils, surfactants, and co-surfactants are diluted in water. The goal of SEDDS is to increase the stability of labile pharmaceuticals against enzymatic activity, boost drug penetration through absorptive membranes, and reduce the likelihood of drug precipitation at absorption sites. Therefore, improved brain targeting and bioavailability of medications might be anticipated by combining the benefits of SEDDS with those of the intranasal route for brain delivery. In order to better understand the mechanisms involved in the intranasal administration of pharmaceuticals loaded in SEDDS, this paper provides a comprehensive characterization of SEDDS as a lipidic nanosystem. Finally, the in vivo effects of intranasal or oral delivery of SEDDS, showing their superiority over standard solutions or suspensions, are described.