A study of tree crown characteristics and their cooling effects in a subtropical city of Australia

Zhang, Jian; Gou, Zhonghua; Zhang, Fan; Shutter, Leigh

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2020.106027

Cited by 34 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…As we mentioned above, in order to enhance the resistance to winds, controlling the total height, reducing the windward side projection area, thinning the branches and leaves inner crowns are profitable. Note that our experimental results provide the pruning instructions merely considering the wind resistance, in practice, the biomechanical design and landscape function should be taken into consideration together 7 , 50 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crown feature effect evaluation on wind load for evergreen species based on laser scanning and wind tunnel experiments

Lai

Xiao

Feng

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The wind load a tree withstood is mainly applied to its crown, whose morphology and structure directly affect the degree of wind load given a certain wind condition. Though the features of tree crown are relatively easy to measure, however, among them which is/are the determining factor and how they contribute to wind load remain unknown. In order to figure out how crown features of different tree species influence the wind load, the wind tunnel experiment was performed for 7 most used urban greening tree species, and laser scanning was used to measure the accurate crown features. The results derived by multiple linear model showed (1) Ficus concinna, Dracontomelon duperreanum, Ormosia pinnata and Bischofia javanica are recommended in urban greening for suffering the smaller wind load under the same conditions, whereas Schefflera macrostachya, Acacia confusa and Khaya senegalensis are inadequate towards the view of crown features; (2) crown features like crown horizontal ratio, windward side projection and porosity ratio are important in estimating wind load. Our study demonstrated that evaluating the wind load via crown features is feasible, and provided valuable suggestion for selecting idealized decorative trees in urban environment with a smaller wind load due to the crown features.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crown feature effect evaluation on wind load for evergreen species based on laser scanning and wind tunnel experiments

Lai

Xiao

Feng

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Log and Lin are both used as parts of several detailed methods, including LAI Log 2000, Sphere, Ellips, etc. 28 This study selected LAI Log 2000 for LAI calculation, 30,31 using WinSCANOPY. Enclosure area is a new proposed variable in this study, which refers to the ground area (m 2 , coloured area of Figure 1(b)), formed by three closest trees.…”

Section: Tree Planting Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree planting indices and their effects on summer park thermal environment: A case study of a subtropical satellite city, China

Wei¹,

Cheng

Wang

et al. 2020

Indoor and Built Environment

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Urban residents are suffering from serious thermal stress resulting from urban heat island and global warming. Investigators have explored several methods to address this issue. Vegetation, especially trees, were found to play a vital part in urban environments. It produces a cooling effect by reducing temperature and radiation levels. To find thermal performances of trees in detail, this study physically measured two urban parks during August 2019 in a satellite city of China regarding their thermal environments relevant to tree planting indices. There were three planting indices used, sky view factor, leaf area index and enclosure area. Through associating them with thermal indicators by linear regression, all of the indices were confirmed to have significant thermal effects. Every 0.1 increase in sky view factor resulted in an increase of 1°C air temperature, 0.16 m/s air velocity, 40 W/m2 solar radiation level and 1.6°C mean radiant temperature. Same effects were found in nearly 0.4 leaf area index decrease and approximately 20 m2 enclosure area increase. These results provide very optimistic directions for future urban forestry planning and landscaping.

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“…In this study, with increasing latitude, crown, number of branch nodes, and angle between branches of the middle crown decreased significantly, while branch diameter of the upper crown exhibited a significant increasing trend, indicating that bamboo crowns tended to be more compact and narrower, especially at the QS site, which exhibited thin and smaller branches and branch angles. Generally, bamboo with narrower crowns and shorter branches have lower geometric coverage and spatial distribution [72]. The narrower crowns of bamboo at the QS site improved its stress tolerance to low temperatures and precipitation deficits, while also reducing transpiration, which promoted bamboo growth.…”

Section: Relationship Between Aboveground Components and Environmenta...mentioning

confidence: 98%

Aboveground Biomass Component Plasticity and Allocation Variations of Bamboo (Pleioblastus amarus) of Different Regions

Zuo,

Fan,

Guo

et al. 2023

Forests

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Bamboo is one of the most important forest resources, widely distributed throughout subtropical and tropical regions. Many studies have focused on bamboo functional trait variation under different environmental conditions. However, the functional feature response of bamboo components to regional and climatic factors and associated coupling effects are less known. This study analyzed phenotypic plasticity and biomass accumulation and allocation processes in aboveground Pleioblastus amarus components (i.e., the culm, branch, and leaf) with principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) in three regions of China. Consequently, obvious regional differences were observed in phenotypic plasticity, biomass accumulation, and allocation processes. With decreasing latitude and increasing longitude, the internode length was longer for larger and rounder bamboo and the culm wall was thinner at a lower relative total height. Moreover, the number and width of crowns became greater, thicker, and longer. With increasing latitude, branch and leaf biomass decreased significantly, while biomass allocation to bamboo branches and leaves first decreased before increasing. And with increasing longitude, culm and total biomass reduced significantly along with culm biomass allocation, while total branch and leaf biomass allocation gradually decreased. Clearly, climatic factors, such as maximum temperature and mean annual temperature, directly affected the phenotypic plasticity of P. amarus and its associative biomass accumulation. Meanwhile, soil factors (i.e., soil available phosphorus, capillary porosity, field water holding capacity, and total nitrogen content) caused significant variation in phenotypic plasticity, indirectly affecting plant biomass accumulation and allocation processes. Collectively, these initial findings indicate that low-latitude and high-longitude stands promoted greater morphogenesis and more efficient biomass accumulation and allocation in aboveground P. amarus components, exhibiting superior morpho-plasticity and higher stand productivity. This study clarified regional differences in P. amarus morphological phenotypic plasticity and biomass accumulation and allocation. It is expected that the results can aid in provenance selection and the directional cultivation of high-yield bamboo stands.

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A study of tree crown characteristics and their cooling effects in a subtropical city of Australia

Cited by 34 publications

References 43 publications

Crown feature effect evaluation on wind load for evergreen species based on laser scanning and wind tunnel experiments

Crown feature effect evaluation on wind load for evergreen species based on laser scanning and wind tunnel experiments

Tree planting indices and their effects on summer park thermal environment: A case study of a subtropical satellite city, China

Aboveground Biomass Component Plasticity and Allocation Variations of Bamboo (Pleioblastus amarus) of Different Regions

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