A study of treatment outcome of paediatric tuberculosis patients in an urban city of central India

Joshi, Sheloj

doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20181225

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Gender difference in TB infection was not clearly understood. However, in this study majority of Tuberculosis cases were female 710 (65.4%) and this finding was similar with a prospective study done in India 61.7% of cases were Female [23] and a retrospective study done in Addis Ababa 55% [5] . This indicates that in the period of childhood females are more affected by Tuberculosis than male.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Epidemiology of childhood tuberculosis and factors associated with unsuccessful treatment outcomes in Tigray, Ethiopia: a ten-year retrospective cross sectional study

et al. 2019

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BackgroundChildhood TB is an indicator of a recent transmission of the disease in a community and it is estimated to constitute 15–20% of all TB cases in many of developing countries. However, only few studies which dominated by industrial countries were engaged to assess the situation. Therefore, this study was aimed to see epidemiology of childhood TB and factors associated with poor treatment outcome in developing country.MethodUsing retrospective cross-sectional study design; Socio-demographic and clinical data of children aged less than 15 years old, treated for all forms of TB in the past 10 years (2007–2016) was collected from randomly selected eight public hospitals of Tigray. Then, Univariate logistic regression and adjusted multivariate logistic regressions was done to identify variables which had association with unsuccessful treatment outcomes at P-value less than 0.05.ResultIn the past 10 years, a total of 13,345 Tuberculosis cases were observed. Of these, 1086 (8.1%) cases were children aged less than 15 years old. Sixty seven (6.2%) cases were smear positive. Among those that tested for HIV, 69 (8.3%) cases were TB/HIV co-infected. Of those with treatment outcome record 746 (88.7%) were successfully treated. Factors like being female (AOR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.07–3.00), Age 0–5 years (AOR, 3.35; 95% CI, 2.11–5.33), Unknown HIV status (AOR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.51–3.95) and pulmonary positive case (AOR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.13–5.77), were more likely to have unsuccessful treatment outcome than their counterparts.ConclusionIn Tigray 8.1% all TB cases were children age less than 15 years old. Childhood TB treatment outcome varied with sex, age and HIV status.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Epidemiology of childhood tuberculosis and factors associated with unsuccessful treatment outcomes in Tigray, Ethiopia: a ten-year retrospective cross sectional study

et al. 2019

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“…11 Proper management of pediatric tuberculosis is essential for the control of tuberculosis as children also act as a source of infection within a community. 12 The aim of the national TB control program is to decrease the incidence ratio of pediatric TB to <1%. 13 The present study aimed to find the pattern of TB among children in Erbil city and to determine the treatment outcomes of pediatric TB.…”

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confidence: 99%

The pattern of pediatric tuberculosis and treatment outcomes from 2012 to 2016 in Erbil City, Iraq

Mawlood

2020

Zanco J. Med. Sci.

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Background and objective: M. tuberculosis is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in many countries and is considered a priority global health problem. Although it is a curable disease, every year about nine million people develop active disease, and two million die from it. This study aimed to find the pattern of tuberculosis among children in Erbil city and determine the treatment outcomes of pediatric tuberculosis. Methods: From March 2012 to March 2016, 142 patients younger than 18 years with confirmed diagnosis of tuberculosis were registered and treated at the Chest and Respiratory Disease Centre in Erbil. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was performed based on routine tests at the center. AFB smear staining, GeneXpert assay, and culture methods when required for further confirmations using L-J media. Results: The total number of the studied records of tuberculosis was 729 during five years (2012-2016). More than half (55.6%) of patients aged ≤ 18 years were males. It is evident that the number of cases is increasing with the progress of years, but the difference was not significant between the years (P = 0.534). The death rate was 9.1% among patients of the whole sample, but no significant association was detected between age and outcome and was highest (22.7%) among patients aged 7-12 years (P = 0.142). Conclusion: Tuberculosis is still a very severe disease with high mortality rates in children. Early recognition of infection associated with correct early treatment, systematic entourage investigation, and chemoprophylaxis by isoniazide in all children under five years of age is essential for attempting to reduce these prognostic indices.

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Association between nutritional status and tuberculosis treatment outcomes among children on tuberculosis treatment in the south-west Shoa, Oromia, Ethiopia 2022: Cohort Study

Besheda,

Mulu,

Boka

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Childhood Tuberculosis and malnutrition are prevalent and have consequences, particularly in low-income countries like Ethiopia and children are especially vulnerable. Studies have been conducted to understand as nutritional status of children is associated with treatment outcomes, which continuously cause disease severity and risk of mortality in the world including in Ethiopia. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted, from January 2017 to December 2021, among 258 children with TB treated in 16 health facilities, 172 well-nourished and 86 malnourished. Patient charts were selected using a systematic random sampling method. The data were entered by Epi-data version 4.2 while analysis was carried out using SPSS version 25. We compared TB treatment outcomes in children with malnourished versus children well-nourished at diagnosis. An odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was computed to determine the level of significant association. On multivariable analysis, those variables having a p-value of < 0.05 were considered statically significant predictors of the for-treatment outcomes of patients. Results The charts of 258 patients were reviewed which makes a 100% response rate. A total of 86 malnourished (<-2-Z score) patients and 172 normal or well-nourished patients (>=-2-Z score) were included in the final analysis of the study. The proportion of successful treatment outcomes among Children with malnourished and well-nourished was 93% and 99.4%, respectively. Age < 1 (AOR = 0.04, 95%CI: 0.002, 0.6), malnourished (AOR: 6.3, 95%CI: 1.8, 22.4), smear PTB+ (AOR: 0.5, 95%CI: 0.2, 0.9), HIV positive (AOR: 0.18, 95%CI: 0.1, 0.8), food support (AOR: 5, 95%CI: 1.5, 17), were factors significantly predictors of treatment outcomes. Conclusion This study suggests a low success rate in children malnourished. Age < 1, nutrition (severe acute malnourished), co-morbidity with the HIV smear PTB+, and male were predictors of lower successful treatment outcomes.

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A study of treatment outcome of paediatric tuberculosis patients in an urban city of central India

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Epidemiology of childhood tuberculosis and factors associated with unsuccessful treatment outcomes in Tigray, Ethiopia: a ten-year retrospective cross sectional study

Epidemiology of childhood tuberculosis and factors associated with unsuccessful treatment outcomes in Tigray, Ethiopia: a ten-year retrospective cross sectional study

The pattern of pediatric tuberculosis and treatment outcomes from 2012 to 2016 in Erbil City, Iraq

Association between nutritional status and tuberculosis treatment outcomes among children on tuberculosis treatment in the south-west Shoa, Oromia, Ethiopia 2022: Cohort Study

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