A study of the Urban Heat Island of Granada

Montávez, Juan Pedro; Rodríguez, Antonio García; Jiménez, J.I.

doi:10.1002/1097-0088(20000630)20:8<899::aid-joc433>3.0.co;2-i

Cited by 186 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…The surface roughness increase is associated with accelerations produced by a welldeveloped UHI. This result agrees well with the findings of Chandler (1965), Bornstein and Johnson (1977) and Montavez et al (2000).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Some aspects of the urban climates of Greater Cairo Region, Egypt

Robaa

2013

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Rapid urbanization and industrialization over Greater Cairo Region (GCR), Egypt, have resulted in sharp land cover changes. Urban change not only impacts on land cover but also on urban climate. Detailed studies on the effect of urbanization and industrialization processes on climatic elements in GCR have been performed in this study. Five different districts were selected to represent rural, suburban, urban and industrial areas in GCR. The data of monthly mean values of minimum, maximum and mean temperatures, wind speed, relative humidity, cloud amount and rainfall amounts for the period were used. The results revealed that, for each district, whenever urbanization and/or industrialization increase, the values of minimum, maximum and mean temperatures increase while the values of wind speed, relative humidity, cloud amount and rainfall amounts decrease. The effects of industrialization processes on the climatic elements were found stronger than the effects of urbanization processes. The greatest urban-rural climatic differences were found to be 5.9, 3.1, 3.9 • C, 3.6 kt, 13.9%, 1.1 octas and 7.0 mm for the minimum, maximum and mean temperatures, wind speed, relative humidity, cloud amount and rainfall amounts, respectively, while the greatest industrial-rural climatic differences were found to be 6.7, 4.3, 4.4 • C, 4.4 kt, 17.6%, 1.7 octas and 8.0 mm for the minimum, maximum and mean temperatures, wind speed, relative humidity, cloud amount and rainfall amounts, respectively.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Some aspects of the urban climates of Greater Cairo Region, Egypt

Robaa

2013

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…An adjustment of the urban effect is necessary to attain realistic results concerning thermal evolution and changes for large cities. The urban effect usually is greatest during the minimum temperatures in the early morning and under anticyclonic conditions (Montávez et al, 2000;Unger, 1996;Colacino and Lavagnini, 1982). Consequently, it also depends on the season: Yagüe et al (1991) found a strong urban effect in Madrid in summer and a weaker effect in spring.…”

Section: The Urban Heat Islandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogenization of long‐term monthly Spanish temperature data

Staudt

Esteban‐Parra

Castro‐Díez

2007

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Abstract:Reliable time-series is the basic ingredient when analysing climatic changes. However, the errors in real data are frequently of the same order as the signal being sought. Therefore, the available long-term monthly series of Spanish minimum and maximum temperatures have been compiled from the late 19th century on, in order to compile a high-quality data set. The series are organized into climatically homogeneous regional groups and, in each group, the detection and adjustment is based on relative homogeneity and an analysis of the stationarity of the whole set of temperature-difference series. These series are scanned with moving t, Alexandersson, and Mann-Kendall tests. The detected inhomogeneities are adjusted by weighted averages of the regional series. The method is iterative and advances in steps of detection, adjustment, and actualization. Individual inhomogeneous data are discarded and gaps are filled by similar weighted multiple means.For the analysis of the temperature evolution in the Iberian Peninsula, each region is finally represented by one local series and the regional average. The urban effect on minimum temperatures is adjusted by an empirical method, and for Madrid also by a correction derived from new homogenized data. Generally, rigorous homogeneity cannot be achieved because the initial data quality is deficient in many cases and metadata are sparse. Nevertheless, the data homogeneity and quality has been considerably enhanced: the total error margin in a series is of the order of 0.3°C-0.4°C, under consideration of a worst-case error accumulation. On the other hand, the number of inhomogeneities is considerable and their average amplitude is of the order of 1°C reflecting the much larger error margin in the raw data. The homogenized dataset compiled constitutes an important basis for the subsequent detection of thermal changes in Spain in the last 130 years, on a clearly higher confidence level than before.

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“…Net radiation = Incoming solar − Reflected solar + Atmospheric radiation − Surface radiation (3) Incoming solar represents the short-wave radiation emitted from the sun, which varies according to latitude, season, time of the day, clouds, etc. [25].…”

Section: Net Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The urban heat island (UHI), as an indicator of urban climate modification, has been investigated extensively since it was first time documented by Luke Howard in 1818. The UHI phenomenon has been identified and recorded for most of the major cities in the world [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Evidence of the negative influences of UHI on energy consumption, air pollution, and public health began to accumulate decades ago.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Urban Design Descriptors on Outdoor Thermal Environment: A Literature Review

et al. 2017

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This paper presents a literature review on urban design indicators addressing the impact of urban geometry and vegetation on the outdoor thermal environment at the pedestrian level, as urban geometry and vegetation have been regarded as the most influential urban design factors that affect outdoor microclimate. The thermal balance concept is first introduced to elaborate how each component of energy fluxes is affected by the urban built environment, which helps to explore the underlying thermophysical mechanisms of how urban design modifies the outdoor thermal environment. The literature on numerous urban design descriptors addressing urban geometric characteristics is categorized into five groups in this paper according to the design features that the parameters entail, including land use intensity, building form, canyon geometry, space enclosure and descriptive characteristics. The literature on urban vegetation descriptors is reviewed together, followed by the combined effect of urban geometry and vegetation. This paper identifies a series of important urban design parameters and shows that the impact of design parameters on thermal environment varies with time, season, local climate and urban contexts. Contradictory impacts often occur between daytime and nighttime, or different seasons, which requests trade-offs to be achieved when proposing design strategies.

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A study of the Urban Heat Island of Granada

Cited by 186 publications

References 19 publications

Some aspects of the urban climates of Greater Cairo Region, Egypt

Some aspects of the urban climates of Greater Cairo Region, Egypt

Homogenization of long‐term monthly Spanish temperature data

The Impact of Urban Design Descriptors on Outdoor Thermal Environment: A Literature Review

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