“…Moya and Verduch [28] obtained similar results for BaCC>3 reacting with kaolin. Since it has been reported [29] that thermal decomposition of pure BaCC>3 ends at a temperature of 1360 °C, thus, the final decomposition temperature of ^970 °C determined from the TGA curve was probably associated with the chemical interaction of this carbonate with other components present in the mixture, particularly Si0 2 , amorphous phases and mullite, at a relatively low temperature, rather than with its thermal decomposition. This is supported by the fact that the presence of BaO was not detected by XRD for any of the compositions and treatment temperatures studied.…”
Section: Reaction Mechanism For the Formation Of Celsianmentioning
Monoclinic (Celsian) and hexagonal (Hexacelsian) Ba 1 _ JC Sr JC Al 2 Si 2 0 8 solid solutions, where x = 0,0.25,0.375,0.5,0.75 or 1, were synthesized by using Coal Fly Ash (CFA) as main raw material, employing a simple one-step solid-state reaction process involving thermal treatment for 5 h at 850-1300 °C. Fully monoclinic Celsian was obtained at 1200 °C/5 h, for SrO contents of 0.25 < x < 0.75. However, an optimum SrO level of 0.25 < x < 0.375 was recommended for the stabilization of Celsian. These synthesis conditions represent a significant improvement over the higher temperatures, longer times and/or multi-step processes needed to obtain fully monoclinic Celsian, when other raw materials are used for this purpose, according to previous literature. These results were attributed to the role of the chemical and phase constitution of CFA as well as to a likely mineralizing effect of CaO and Ti0 2 present in it, which enhanced the Hexacelsian to Celsian conversion.
“…Moya and Verduch [28] obtained similar results for BaCC>3 reacting with kaolin. Since it has been reported [29] that thermal decomposition of pure BaCC>3 ends at a temperature of 1360 °C, thus, the final decomposition temperature of ^970 °C determined from the TGA curve was probably associated with the chemical interaction of this carbonate with other components present in the mixture, particularly Si0 2 , amorphous phases and mullite, at a relatively low temperature, rather than with its thermal decomposition. This is supported by the fact that the presence of BaO was not detected by XRD for any of the compositions and treatment temperatures studied.…”
Section: Reaction Mechanism For the Formation Of Celsianmentioning
Monoclinic (Celsian) and hexagonal (Hexacelsian) Ba 1 _ JC Sr JC Al 2 Si 2 0 8 solid solutions, where x = 0,0.25,0.375,0.5,0.75 or 1, were synthesized by using Coal Fly Ash (CFA) as main raw material, employing a simple one-step solid-state reaction process involving thermal treatment for 5 h at 850-1300 °C. Fully monoclinic Celsian was obtained at 1200 °C/5 h, for SrO contents of 0.25 < x < 0.75. However, an optimum SrO level of 0.25 < x < 0.375 was recommended for the stabilization of Celsian. These synthesis conditions represent a significant improvement over the higher temperatures, longer times and/or multi-step processes needed to obtain fully monoclinic Celsian, when other raw materials are used for this purpose, according to previous literature. These results were attributed to the role of the chemical and phase constitution of CFA as well as to a likely mineralizing effect of CaO and Ti0 2 present in it, which enhanced the Hexacelsian to Celsian conversion.
“…2b, DTA results show a strong endothermic peak at 810 C which corresponds to the orthorhombic-hexagonal transformation of BaCO 3 . A second endothermic peak at 990 C is also detected which corresponds to the phase transformation, from hexagonal to cubic [40]. The decomposition range observed between 961 and 1260 C in the TGA curve is related to the weight loss of CO 2 and the formation of BaO.…”
“…An endothermic peak at 811 ºC in DTA trace (VII in Fig.4) is due to the phase transition of BaCO3 from orthorhombic Pmcm to hexagonal R3m phase [51,52]. This is followed by a broad, low-intensity endothermic DTA peak (VIII in Fig.4), which corresponds to the TG mass loss marked as VIII in Fig.4.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 91%
“…This is followed by a broad, low-intensity endothermic DTA peak (VIII in Fig.4), which corresponds to the TG mass loss marked as VIII in Fig.4. At 969 ºC, within peak VIII, a low intensity endothermic peak (IX in Fig.4) reveals the transition from hexagonal to cubic form of the remaining BaCO3, which has not decomposed yet [51,52]. Moreover, around 1050ºC another endothermic peak is visible in the DTA trace (X in Fig.4) that corresponds to the eutectic melting point of the mixture BaCO3+BaO [51][52][53], which can be observed, because some of the decomposing BaCO3 still coexists with BaO, which is its own decomposition product.…”
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