A study of the safety of the DC 400 V distribution system

Noritake, Masatoshi; Iino, Tomonori; Fukui, Akiyoshi; Hirose, Keikichi; Yamasaki, Mikio

doi:10.1109/intlec.2009.5351768

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Switchgear including circuit breakers, fuses, etc., and proper grounding methods are required to make the DC system safer. Comprehensive research has been conducted and papers have been published on improving the safety in DC distribution systems [37][38][39][40]; different papers have studied protection against electric shock related to DC generating devices such as photovoltaic generators from the perspective of personal safety [41,42]. Moreover, higher DC voltage levels would result in leakage currents in the system that can cause corrosion of the underground equipment, transformer saturation, and faulty operation of protective equipment [43].…”

Section: Safety and Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Direct Current Distribution System Architectures & Benefits

et al. 2018

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This paper examines existing and future direct current (DC) distribution systems with a wide range of applications in data centers, telecommunication systems, commercial buildings, residential homes, electric vehicles, spacecraft, and aircrafts. DC distribution systems have many advantages and disadvantages over their alternating current (AC) counterparts. There are a few surviving examples of DC distribution systems; among them are the telecommunication systems and data centers that use the low-voltage 48 Vdc systems. However, recently, there has been a move towards higher DC bus voltages. In this paper, a comparative study of different DC distribution architectures and bus structures is presented and voltage level selection is discussed for maximizing system efficiency and reliability, reducing system costs, and increasing the flexibility of the system for future expansion. Furthermore, DC distribution systems are investigated from a safety standpoint and the current global market for these distribution systems is also discussed.

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Section: Safety and Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Direct Current Distribution System Architectures & Benefits

et al. 2018

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“…To determine currents for safe operation, Dalziel theory [12], Koeppens theory [13] and IEC standards are commonly used. As the IEC standards are the most conservative among these we will consider them in this discussion.…”

Section: Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Architecture and system analysis of microgrids with peer-to-peer electricity sharing to create a marketplace which enables energy access

Inam

Strawser

Afridi

et al. 2015

2015 9th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE-ECCE Asia)

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Abstract-More than 1.3 billion people in the world lack access to electricity and this energy poverty is a major barrier to human development. This paper describes a new concept of peer-to-peer electricity sharing which creates a marketplace for electricity. In this marketplace, the people who can afford power generating sources such as solar panels can sell electricity to people who are unable to afford generating sources or who might have access to electricity but require more electricity at certain times. These adhoc microgrids created by sharing of resources provide affordable electricity and are enabled by a Power Management Unit (PMU) described in this paper.

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“…on the same safety level as ordinary industrial electrical equipment or home electrical appliances. To reduce the risk of electrical shock, it is important that the voltage relative to ground not be large, as is also proposed in [7].…”

Section: A Prevention Of Electrical Shock and Malfunction And Securmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of 400 V dc plug and socket-outlet for DC distribution systems

Iino

Hirose

Noritake

et al. 2012

2012 International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA)

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This paper reports test results and reviews for the developed plug and socket-outlet applied to the 400 V dc power systems expected to improve energy efficiency in communication sites, data centers, commercial buildings, and smart energy systems. However, there are some safety issues to use 400 V dc power. The plug and socket-outlet has a unique mechanism based on combination of a permanent magnet and mechanical contacts in the limited small space. The mechanism should solve the problems such as both arc extinguishing and protection against electric shock known as critical DC power issue for a long time. The results of an investigation of inrush current also are reported, including current size, effects and testing methods, as one problem in the construction and operation of 400 V dc power distribution circuit.

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A study of the safety of the DC 400 V distribution system

Cited by 31 publications

References 1 publication

An Overview of Direct Current Distribution System Architectures & Benefits

An Overview of Direct Current Distribution System Architectures & Benefits

Architecture and system analysis of microgrids with peer-to-peer electricity sharing to create a marketplace which enables energy access

Characteristics of 400 V dc plug and socket-outlet for DC distribution systems

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