A study of the sacral autonomic nerves in a chick and a human embryo

Browne, Marie J.

doi:10.1002/ar.1091160207

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Another major component of autonomic hindgut innervation, particularly to the distal colorectum, is the pelvic plexus, a large paired neuronal network supplying the pelvic viscera with sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers. As shown by our data and others (Browne, 1953; Catala et al, 1995; Aisa et al, 1998), the pelvic plexus is located adjacent to the cloaca and bursa of Fabricius and extends to the caudal end of the NoR, with which it is continuous. The sacral neural crest in avians gives rise to both the NoR and the pelvic plexus, with the rostral sacral crest populating the NoR and the caudal part encircling the cloacal region to form the pelvic plexus (Pomeranz and Gershon, 1990; Catala et al, 1995; Erickson and Goins, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

The early years: Working at the bench with Bruce (1957–1959)

Hershey

2008

Biopolymers

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H aving arrived at Rockefeller in the fall of 1958, I began to seek a suitable laboratory to pursue my interest in organic chemistry. The group of Wayne Woolley, together with Bruce Merrifield and John Stewart, seemed to fit my needs, and the presence of a cute technician in Bruce's lab helped to solidify the decision. So I became Dr. Woolley's first (and only) graduate student. The project was to synthesize imidazole derivatives with substrate-specific catalytic activity for the hydrolysis of carboxylic acid esters carrying aromatic side chains. Although the goal of mimicking specific enzyme catalysis was not achieved, I learned a great deal about heterocyclic chemistry. Bruce showed a keen interest in all that I did, and provided more assistance and personal mentoring than anyone else. I married Bruce's cute technician, Sibil Dale, after she left Rockefeller. Her close working relationship with Bruce and her superior memory enable her to write in a more personal account about the early years of Bruce's development of solid-phase peptide synthesis. Sibil's account follows.Bruce gave me my first job when I was just out of college in 1957. I worked as his research technician for 2 years. We shared a lab, along with George Tritch, on the fourth floor of Flexner Hall. The first thing Bruce did in the morning was to turn on the hot water tap to make instant coffee. Once, when I questioned this practice, he replied that he wanted to make sure he got all of his minerals.As soon as I started working with Bruce he taught me some lessons about the cost of research. One day when I was weighing some serine, I poured out too much on the scale and used the spatula to discard the excess in the sink. ''You just threw away $65 worth of serine,'' Bruce complained. At another time I dropped a sintered glass funnel. Bruce took me down the hall to see Dr. Woolley, the chair of the lab group, who declared that the broken object was worth its weight in gold.Bruce and I worked side-by-side at the same lab bench. As we worked we talked about work, our personal lives, and what we enjoyed in life. Several of us in the department liked to do puzzles while performing such mechanical tasks as evaporating. Bruce stumped us all with his thinking outside the box when one day he came in with the following number puzzle: 42, 51, 59, 68, and asked us what the next number should be. We all assumed it was some kind of mathematical progression and in vain tried to add, subtract, divide, and multiply to identify a pattern. When none of us could find the answer, Bruce announced that these were the subway stops of the Lexington local, a train that many of us, including myself, took to work.It was at the bench that I first heard Bruce mention the idea of linking amino acids into peptides by utilizing a solid support resin. In theory, the concept sounded so simple that I immediately expressed my doubts about the project. I was not the only skeptic. One day, at a graduation dinner, I was seated next to the Nobel Laureate Fritz Lipmann 1 who inquired about...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

The early years: Working at the bench with Bruce (1957–1959)

Hershey

2008

Biopolymers

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“…Another major component of autonomic hindgut innervation, particularly to the distal colorectum, is the pelvic plexus, a large paired neuronal network supplying the pelvic viscera with sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers. As shown by our data and others (Browne, 1953;Catala et al, 1995;Aisa et al, 1998), the pelvic plexus is located adjacent to the cloaca and bursa of Fabricius and extends to the caudal end of the NoR, with which it is continuous. The sacral neural crest in avians gives rise to both the NoR and the pelvic plexus, with the rostral sacral crest populating the NoR and the caudal part encircling the cloacal region to form the pelvic plexus (Pomeranz and Gershon, 1990;Catala et al, 1995;Erickson and Goins, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Pelvic plexus contributes ganglion cells to the hindgut enteric nervous system

Nagy¹,

Brewer²,

Mwizerwa³

et al. 2006

Developmental Dynamics

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The hindgut enteric nervous system (ENS) contains cells originating from vagal and sacral neural crest. In avians, the sacral crest gives rise to the nerve of Remak (NoR) and pelvic plexus. Whereas the NoR has been suggested to serve as the source of sacral crest-derived cells to the gut, the contribution of the pelvic ganglia is unknown. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the pelvic ganglia contribute ganglion cells to the hindgut ENS. We observed that the quail pelvic plexus develops from neural crest-derived cells that aggregate around the cloaca at embryonic day 5. Using chick-quail tissue recombinations, we found that hindgut grafts did not contain enteric ganglia unless the pelvic plexus was included. Neurofibers extended from the NoR into the intestine, but no ganglion cell contribution from the NoR was identified. These results demonstrate that the pelvic plexus, and not the NoR, serves as the staging area for sacral crest-derived cells to enter the avian hindgut, confirming the evolutionary conservation of this important embryologic process. Developmental Dynamics 236:73-83, 2007.

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“…A number of studies address sacral NCC migration (Kuntz, 1952; Kimmel and McCrea, 1958; Okamoto and Ueda, 1967; Arango‐Toro and Domenech‐Mateu, 1993) and pelvic nerve development (Browne, 1953; Pearson and Sauter, 1970; Arango‐Toro and Domenech‐Mateu, 1993; Kinugasa et al . 2008) in human embryos.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extrinsic innervation of the pelvic organs in the lesser pelvis of human embryos

et al. 2020

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Realistic models to understand the developmental appearance of the pelvic nervous system in mammals are scarce. We visualized the development of the inferior hypogastric plexus and its preganglionic connections in human embryos at 4–8 weeks post‐fertilization, using Amira 3D reconstruction and Cinema 4D‐remodelling software. We defined the embryonic lesser pelvis as the pelvic area caudal to both umbilical arteries and containing the hindgut. Neural crest cells (NCCs) appeared dorsolateral to the median sacral artery near vertebra S1 at ~5 weeks and had extended to vertebra S5 1 day later. Once para‐arterial, NCCs either formed sympathetic ganglia or continued to migrate ventrally to the pre‐arterial region, where they formed large bilateral inferior hypogastric ganglionic cell clusters (IHGCs). Unlike more cranial pre‐aortic plexuses, both IHGCs did not merge because the 'pelvic pouch', a temporary caudal extension of the peritoneal cavity, interposed. Although NCCs in the sacral area started to migrate later, they reached their pre‐arterial position simultaneously with the NCCs in the thoracolumbar regions. Accordingly, the superior hypogastric nerve, a caudal extension of the lumbar splanchnic nerves along the superior rectal artery, contacted the IHGCs only 1 day later than the lumbar splanchnic nerves contacted the inferior mesenteric ganglion. The superior hypogastric nerve subsequently splits to become the superior hypogastric plexus. The IHGCs had two additional sources of preganglionic innervation, of which the pelvic splanchnic nerves arrived at ~6.5 weeks and the sacral splanchnic nerves only at ~8 weeks. After all preganglionic connections had formed, separate parts of the inferior hypogastric plexus formed at the bladder neck and distal hindgut.

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A study of the sacral autonomic nerves in a chick and a human embryo

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

The early years: Working at the bench with Bruce (1957–1959)

The early years: Working at the bench with Bruce (1957–1959)

Pelvic plexus contributes ganglion cells to the hindgut enteric nervous system

Extrinsic innervation of the pelvic organs in the lesser pelvis of human embryos

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