A study of the rat neuropeptide B/neuropeptide W system using in situ techniques

Jackson, Valerie R.; Lin, Steven H.; Wang, Zhiwei; Nothacker, Hans‐Peter; Civelli, Olivier

doi:10.1002/cne.20989

Cited by 46 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…It is also possible that NPB acts on the PVN to activate the HPA axis. The PVN has also been shown to express GPR7 mRNA and binding signals of radiolabeled NPB, although their levels are low [9,10].The present results showing that central NPB in sheep activates the HPA axis is comparable with that obtained in the rat [19]. However, the response pattern of the HPA axis seems to differ between the two species.…”

supporting

confidence: 75%

Central Administration of Neuropeptide B, But not Prolactin-Releasing Peptide, Stimulates Cortisol Secretion in Sheep

Mogi

Ito

Matsuyama

et al. 2008

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. Two neuropeptides, neuropeptide B (NPB) and prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP), have been suggested to play important roles in control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in rodents. The aim of the present study was to clarify the central actions of NPB or PrRP in sheep. Ovariectomized ewes were surgically implanted with a cannula directed to the lateral ventricle. They received intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of 400 μl of artificial cerebrospinal fluid, NPB (0.05, 0.5 or 5 nmol), PrRP (0.5, 5 or 50 nmol) or corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH, 0.5 or 5 nmol) through the cannula, and blood samples were taken 30 and 0 min prior to and 15, 30, 60 and 90 min after the injection. Cortisol concentrations in plasma were determined by enzyme immunoassay. Administration of 0.5 nmol NPB resulted in a significant increase in the cortisol concentration compared with the vehicle control, whereas the cortisol concentration after lower or higher doses of NPB did not differ from the control value. Thus, an icv injection of NPB produced a bell-shaped dose-response of cortisol concentration. Administration of PrRP had no significant effect on the cortisol concentrations at any dose examined. Icv injection of CRH dose-dependently increased plasma cortisol concentrations. These results demonstrate that central NPB stimulates cortisol secretion, suggesting that this neuropeptide plays some roles in control of the HPA axis in sheep. On the other hand, unlike its role in rodents, PrRP is unlikely to be involved in control of the HPA axis in this species. Key words: Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), Cortisol, Neuropeptide B (NPB), Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP), Sheep (J. Reprod. Dev. 54: [138][139][140][141] 2008) ctivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which culminates in secretion of glucocorticoids from the adrenal grand, is vital for stress response. Glucocorticoids stimulate gluconeogenesis in the liver and inhibit synthesis of inflammation-mediating substances, such as prostaglandins, thromboxanes and leukotrienes, as stress-induced defensive responses [1]. On the other hand, activation of the HPA axis suppresses reproductive functions through the action of glucocorticoids and the central mechanism regulating the HPA axis [2]. Activation of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN) inhibits pulsatile luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion, which results in reduced gonadal activity [3,4]. Furthermore, inhibition of pulsatile LH secretion has been shown to be enhanced by noradrenergic input into the PVN from the brainstem [5] or input into the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis [6]. Thus, clarification of the central mechanism regulating the HPA axis might help to further understand control of reproductive functions.Neuropeptide B (NPB) and prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) are neuropeptides identified as endogenous ligands for orphan Gprotein-coupled receptors (GPR), GPR7 and hGR3/GPR10, respectively [7,8]....

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supporting

confidence: 75%

Central Administration of Neuropeptide B, But not Prolactin-Releasing Peptide, Stimulates Cortisol Secretion in Sheep

Mogi

Ito

Matsuyama

et al. 2008

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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“…Both at the level of mRNA and protein, expression of NPB and NPW and their receptors in human and rat endocrine glands and hypothalamus have been well documented (6,(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). Concerning the functional role of the NPB-NPW system, a growing body of evidence indicates that this system is involved in the regulation of neuroendocrine axis activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropeptide W exerts a potent suppressive effect on blood leptin and insulin concentrations in the rat

Ruciński

Nowak²,

Chmielewska³

et al. 2007

Int J Mol Med

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Abstract. Neuropeptide B/W receptor 1 (NPBWR1) and neuropeptide B/W receptor 2 (NPBWR2) are two structurally related orphan receptors linked to protein G. In rodents NPBWR2 is absent, and its counterpart is described as being similar to neuropeptide B/W receptor 2. Endogenous ligands of these receptors have been identified. One of them is 29 amino acid residues long, uniquely modified with bromine and, thus, termed neuropeptide B (NPB). The other, neuropeptide W (NPW), has been identified in two molecular forms of 23 and 30 amino acids (NPW23 and NPW30), respectively. Both NPB and NPW affect food intake and energy expenditure. Since leptin, a potent anti-obesity hormone, and insulin are involved in the control of energy homeostasis, the present study aimed to investigate whether NPB and NPW affect leptin and insulin secretion in the rat. RT-PCR technique revealed the presence of ppNPB, ppNPW, NPBWR1 and NPBWR2-like mRNAs in isolated pancreatic islets of the rat. NPB and NPW immunoreactivities were observed in all of the cells of the pancreatic islets. Only when a higher dose was administered (3 nmol/100 g body weight) did NPW transiently lower blood insulin levels whereas NPB injection did not alter insulinaemia in the studied rats. At 30 min, but not 60, of the experiment, NPW notably lowered blood leptin concentrations at both tested doses. On the contrary, NPB injections had no effect on blood leptin and insulin concentrations. Thus, the results suggest that NPW but not NPB exerts a potent suppressive effect on blood leptin concentrations in the rat, and this mechanism may be involved in NPW regulation of energy homeostasis.

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“…Expression of its components was observed by others in the brain and alimentary tract (2,(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Both NPB and NPW affect food intake and energy expenditure (15)(16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Neuropeptide B (NPB) and neuropeptide W (NPW) system in cultured rat calvarial osteoblast-like (ROB) cells: NPW and NPB inhibit proliferative activity of ROB cells

Ziółkowska

Ruciński²,

Tyczewska³

et al. 2009

Int J Mol Med

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Abstract. Neuropeptides B (NPB) and W (NPW) have been identified as endogenous ligands of two G-protein-coupled receptors, neuropeptides B/W receptor 1 (NPBWR1, formerly known as GPR7) and neuropeptides B/W receptor 2 (NPBWR2, formerly known as GPR8). In rodents where NPBWR2 is absent, its counterpart is named the similar to neuropeptides B/W receptor 2 (similar to NPBWR2, formerly GPR8-like). Both NPB and NPW play a role in the control of feeding, neuroendocrine axis functions, memory and learning processes as well as in pain regulation. The present study aimed to investigate the expression of NPB, NPW, NPBWR1 and the similar to NPBWR2 genes in cultured rat calvarial osteoblastlike (ROB) cells and the effects of both peptides on proliferative activity and osteocalcin secretion by ROB cells. Classic RT-PCR technique revealed the presence of ppNPB mRNA, ppNPW mRNA, and NPBWR1 mRNA, but not similar to NPBWR2 mRNA in ROB cells. QPCR revealed gradual (days 7, 14 and 21 of culture) increase of the ppNPB gene expression, while expression of ppNPW gene was the highest at day 14 and was comparable to that seen in freshly isolated cells. In ROB cells, expression of NPBWR1 gene was notable at day 7 of culture, lower at day 21, and negligible at day 14. Neither NPB nor NPW changed osteocalcin secretion by cultured osteoblast-like cells while both neuropeptides inhibited their proliferative activity. Results of the present study suggest that the systems of NPW, NPB and NPBWR1 directly regulate proliferative activity of cultured rat calvaria osteoblastlike cells. The physiological significance of this osteoblastic system remains unclear, and requires further investigation.

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A study of the rat neuropeptide B/neuropeptide W system using in situ techniques

Cited by 46 publications

References 38 publications

Central Administration of Neuropeptide B, But not Prolactin-Releasing Peptide, Stimulates Cortisol Secretion in Sheep

Central Administration of Neuropeptide B, But not Prolactin-Releasing Peptide, Stimulates Cortisol Secretion in Sheep

Neuropeptide W exerts a potent suppressive effect on blood leptin and insulin concentrations in the rat

Neuropeptide B (NPB) and neuropeptide W (NPW) system in cultured rat calvarial osteoblast-like (ROB) cells: NPW and NPB inhibit proliferative activity of ROB cells

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