A study of the prostate, androgens and sexual activity of male rats

Hernández-Aguilar, María Elena; Soto-Cid, Abraham; Aranda-Abreu, Gonzálo Emiliano; Diaz, Rosaura; Rojas, Fausto; Hernández, Luis García; Toledo, Rebeca; Manzo, Jorge

doi:10.1186/1477-7827-5-11

Cited by 20 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Some authors have reported the degradation of Fos triggered by certain hormones [37]. This is an important issue for our investigation because the execution of sexual behavior in rats produces a significant increase in the serum level of androgens [38], and the cerebellum is an important center for steroid action [39]. Thus, we hypothesize that the sexual stimulation of the male triggers the expression of Fos, and the execution of behavior produces the increase in androgen levels that activate the proteolytic process for Fos degradation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Fos expression at the cerebellum following non-contact arousal and mating behavior in male rats

Manzo

Miquel

Toledo

et al. 2008

Physiology & Behavior

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The cerebellum is considered a center underlying fine movements, cognition, memory and sexual responses. The latter feature led us to correlate sexual arousal and copulation in male rats with neural activity at the cerebellar cortex. Two behavioral paradigms were used in this investigation: the stimulation of males by distant receptive females (non-contact sexual stimulation), and the execution of up to three consecutive ejaculations. The vermis area of the cerebellum was removed following behavioral experiments, cut into sagittal sections, and analyzed with Fos immunohistochemistry to determine neuronal activation. At the mid-vermis region (sections from the midline to 0.1 mm laterally), non-contact stimulation significantly increased the activity of granule neurons. The number of activated cells increased in every lobule, but lobules 1 and 6 to 9 showed the greatest increment. In sexual behavior tests, males reaching one ejaculation had a high number of activated neurons similar to those counted after non-contact stimulation. However, two or three consecutive ejaculations showed a smaller number of Fos-ir cells. In contrast to the mid-vermis region, sections farthest from the midline (0.1 to 0.9 mm laterally) revealed that only lobule 7 expressed activated neurons. These data suggest that a well-delineated group of granule neurons have a sexual biphasic response at the cerebellar vermis, and that Fos in them is under an active degradation mechanism. Thus, they participate as a neural substrate for male rat sexual responses with an activationdeactivation process corresponding with the sensory stimulation and motor performance occurring during copulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Fos expression at the cerebellum following non-contact arousal and mating behavior in male rats

Manzo

Miquel

Toledo

et al. 2008

Physiology & Behavior

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“…However, in the VP copulation plus exogenous testosterone results in fewer cases of dysplasia. The VP expresses different proportion of AR and AR-mRNA [47] and such heterogeneity may account for the different effects observed following exogenous testosterone with repetitive copulation [8]. Interestingly, the results of the present study showed that LPS resulted in more cases of dysplasia in the VP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Stress During Puberty Facilitates Precancerous Prostate Lesions in Adult Rats

Herrera-Covarrubias¹,

Coria-Ávila²,

Hernández-Aguilar³

et al. 2017

Exp. Onc.

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Puberty can be a critical period for the long-term development of diseases, especially for stress-related disorders that depend on neuroendocrine and immune responses. Some organs like the prostate are prone to diseases that result from neuroendocrine or immune challenges, such as cancer. Aim: In the present study, we assessed the long-term effects of an acute pubertal stressor (immune-challenge) on the development of precancerous lesions in adult rats, and compared them with testosterone-induced prostatic lesions. Materials and Methods: Pubertal male rats received a single injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or saline during puberty (5 weeks old). At adulthood (8 weeks old) males were subcutaneously implanted with either an empty capsule or filled with testosterone propionate (100 mg/kg). This resulted in a total of five groups: 1) intact untreated, 2) saline-treated and implanted with a blank capsule, 3) saline-treated and implanted with a testosterone capsule, 4) LPS-treated and implanted with a blank capsule, 5) LPS-treated and implanted with a testosterone capsule. Four weeks later, the rats were sacrified and their prostates processed for histology (hematoxylin and eosin stain) and blood serum processed for hormone analysis (testosterone and corticosterone). Results: Males treated with LPS (stressed during puberty via immune challenge) expressed epithelium dysplasia (specially in the ventral prostate), anisocytosis, presence of mononuclear cells, anisokariosis, non-basal polarity, abnormal nucleus-cytoplasm ratio, proplastic myoepithelium, and granular content in the lumen. These histological alterations were similar, but less severe than those observed in males implanted with testosterone during adulthood. Conclusion: These results indicate that pubertal exposure to an immune challenge (stress) facilitates the long-term development of prostatic lesions in adult male rats.

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“…In addition to the sympathetic activation, copulatory behavior also involves the parasympathetic pathway and endocrine factors (i.e., testosterone, prolactin, corticosterone) [21,[32][33][34]. Previously, we showed that prolactin, estrogen, and hyperthyroidism stimulate D1 activity, whereas androgens inhibit it [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Postejaculatory Increase of Prostatic Triiodothyronine (T3) Depends on Sympathetic Innervation in the Rat1

Delgado‐González

Aceves

Anguiano

2011

Biology of Reproduction

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Thyronines are essential for the development of the male reproductive system, including the prostate gland. Metabolically active 3,5,3' triiodothyronine (T(3)) is generated mainly by the extrathyroidal, enzymatic 5'deiodination of the prohormone thyroxine (T(4)), which is catalyzed by deiodinases type 1 (D1) and type 2 (D2). Prostate D1 activity is highly expressed during puberty and declines with age, but continuous, long-term sexual activity prevents this reduction. The aims of this study were to characterize the changes in prostatic D1 activity in response to consecutive ejaculations and to determine whether sympathetic input participates in the local T(3) generation (D1 activity). D1 activity was analyzed in prostates of sexually experienced, 4-mo-old male rats after one to five ejaculations. D1 activity, T(3) concentrations, and the T(3)-dependent gene ornithine decarboxylase (Odc) were measured after the fourth ejaculation in prostates of intact, sham, and sympathectomized (Smpx, hypogastric nerve) rats. D1 activity was evaluated by the radio-iodine-release method; T(3) was measured by radioimmunoassay and Odc expression by real-time PCR. Data showed a gradual increase of prostate D1 activity in response to consecutive ejaculations. The highest activity was found after the fourth ejaculation, and it decreased after the fifth. The increase of prostate D1 activity after ejaculation was blocked in Smpx males as compared to intact or sham animals. The changes in D1 activity correlate with prostatic T(3) concentrations and Odc expression. Circulating levels of T(3) were not affected by consecutive ejaculations or by Smpx. These findings indicate that the postejaculatory increase in prostatic generation of T(3) depends on sympathetic input.

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A study of the prostate, androgens and sexual activity of male rats

Cited by 20 publications

References 42 publications

Fos expression at the cerebellum following non-contact arousal and mating behavior in male rats

Fos expression at the cerebellum following non-contact arousal and mating behavior in male rats

Stress During Puberty Facilitates Precancerous Prostate Lesions in Adult Rats

Postejaculatory Increase of Prostatic Triiodothyronine (T3) Depends on Sympathetic Innervation in the Rat1

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