A study of the process of preparing γ-acetopropyl alcohol from furfural

Methods for the Synthesis of γ-Acetopropyl Alcohol

“…Pavlov has been known since the 1930s. It began on an industrial scale at the Salavatsk Petrochemical and Belgorod Vitamin combines in 1972 [ 13 , 14 , 19 , 20 ]. The reaction proceeds over 1–5 C–O bonds of sylvane ( Fig.…”

“…The reaction proceeds over 1–5 C–O bonds of sylvane ( Fig. 1 ) through the formation of 2-methyl-4,5-dihydrofuran (dihydrofuran, III ) [ 21 – 24 ], which in an acid–aqueous medium produces the cyclic form of APA, 2-oxy-2-methyltetrahydrofuran ( IV ) [ 14 , 25 – 30 ]:…”

“…Compound ( I ) was produced at the Salavat Petrochemical Plant (Republic of Bashkortostan) [ 13 ], the Belgorod Vitamin Plant [ 14 ], and the Akrikhin Pharmaceutical Plant (Staraya Kupavna) in the Soviet Union [ 15 ]. APA is now mainly produced in China, not Russia, and this hinders the development of modern pharmaceutical and polymer technologies.…”

Unravelling the one-pot conversion of biomass-derived furfural and levulinic acid to 1,4-pentanediol catalysed by supported RANEY® Ni–Sn alloy catalysts

“…However, the use of noble metal-based catalysts and low substrate loading is not economic and less viability in the upgrading of biomass-derived platform industry. 16,18 The synthesis route of 1,4-PeD from FFald was rstly proposed by Leuck et al 20 and followed by Schniepp et al [21][22][23] in the presence of nickel-based catalysts, in an 1,4-dioxane/H 2 O mixture solvent and the presence of a trace amounts of formic acid or acetic acid. The highest obtained yield of 1,4-PeD from this approached reaction pathway was reached up to 63%.…”

Selective Conversion of 2-Methylfuran to 1,4-Pentanediol Catalyzed by Bimetallic Ni-Sn Alloy

“…formic acid or acetic glacial) are substantially required to obtain such of 1,4-PeD or 5H2PeO, whereas the presence of acid may cause the dissolution of the active nickel metal catalyst into the reaction solution [12]. Similarly, Soos [13], Zolotarev et al [13] and Perchenok et al [14] have also reported the catalytic transformation of 2-MeF into 5H2PeO using alloyed nickel-chromium or nickel-aluminium catalysts and afforded 5H2PeO 30% in yield which is subsequently hydrogenated to the final product of 1,4-PeD.…”