A Study of the Phenomenology of Panic Attacks in Patients from India

Neerakal, Iby; Srinivasan, K

doi:10.1159/000070364

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…[21–23] Their specific frequency appears to vary cross-culturally, although research in this area is limited and requires further replication. Examples include higher rates of paresthesias in African Americans, [24] trembling in Caribbean Latinos, [25] dizziness in several Asian groups, [26] and fear of dying in Arabs and African Americans.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culture and the anxiety disorders: recommendations for DSM-V

et al. 2010

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Background The anxiety disorders specified in the fourth edition, text revision, of The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV-TR) are identified universally in human societies, and also show substantial cultural particularities in prevalence and symptomatology. Possible explanations for the observed epidemiological variability include lack of measurement equivalence, true differences in prevalence, and limited validity or precision of diagnostic criteria. One central question is whether, through inadvertent “over-specification” of disorders, the post-DSM-III nosology has missed related but somewhat different presentations of the same disorder because they do not exactly fit specified criteria sets. This review canvases the mental health literature for evidence of cross-cultural limitations in DSM-IV-TR anxiety disorder criteria. Methods Searches were conducted of the mental health literature, particularly since 1994, regarding cultural or race/ethnicity-related factors that might limit the universal applicability of the diagnostic criteria for six anxiety disorders. Results Possible mismatches between the DSM criteria and the local phenomenology of the disorder in specific cultural contexts were found for three anxiety disorders in particular. These involve the unexpectedness and 10-minute crescendo criteria in Panic Disorder; the definition of social anxiety and social reference group in Social Anxiety Disorder; and the priority given to psychological symptoms of worry in Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Limited evidence was found throughout, particularly in terms of neurobiological markers, genetic risk factors, treatment response, and other DSM-V validators that could help clarify the cross-cultural applicability of criteria. Conclusions On the basis of the available data, options and preliminary recommendations for DSM-V are put forth that should be further evaluated and tested.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culture and the anxiety disorders: recommendations for DSM-V

et al. 2010

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“…All of these studies have used cross-sectional designs, thereby limiting assessments to retrospective reports and potential reporting biases. However, positive findings have been corroborated in a longitudinal investigation, where PAs at baseline (ages [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] were associated with the development of substance use disorders (especially alcohol) by 5-year follow-up. [44] There are several possible explanations such as some individuals with PAs using substances to reduce their anxiety.…”

Section: Comorbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10,13] Lower rates of depersonalization/ derealization and loss of control have been found in some cultural settings, whereas these are very frequent symptoms in Puerto Ricans. [11,14,15] Possible reasons for this variation include differences in the content of catastrophic cognitions leading to differential symptom emphasis, such as fear of diabetes among African Americans leading to higher reports of paresthesias [10] and the influence of local ethno-physiologies and cultural syndromes on symptom expression (Hinton and Lewis-Fernández, in press). For example, symptoms that are understood to ''run together'' in a particular culture, or are recognized by the group as a coherent syndrome, are more likely to be reported as a cluster than symptoms that are not seen as related.…”

Section: Thirteen Pa Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Panic disorder: a review of DSM-IV panic disorder and proposals for DSM-V

et al. 2010

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This review covers the literature since the publication of DSM-IV on the diagnostic criteria for panic attacks (PAs) and panic disorder (PD). Specific recommendations are made based on the evidence available. In particular, slight changes are proposed for the wording of the diagnostic criteria for PAs to ease the differentiation between panic and surrounding anxiety; simplification and clarification of the operationalization of types of PAs (expected vs. unexpected) is proposed; and consideration is given to the value of PAs as a specifier for all DSM diagnoses and to the cultural validity of certain symptom profiles. In addition, slight changes are proposed for the wording of the diagnostic criteria to increase clarity and parsimony of the criteria. Finally, based on the available evidence, no changes are proposed with regard to the developmental expression of PAs or PD. This review presents a number of options and preliminary recommendations to be considered for DSM-V.

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“…Thirteen symptoms: The specified DSM-IV symptoms have been identified during the PAs of many cultural groups. [21][22][23] Their specific frequency appears to vary cross-culturally, although research in this area is limited and requires further replication. Examples include higher rates of paresthesias in African Americans, [24] trembling in Caribbean Latinos, [25] dizziness in several Asian groups, [26] and fear of dying in Arabs and African Americans.…”

Section: Panic Attackmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[24,27] Lower rates of depersonalization/derealization and loss of control have been found in some cultural settings, whereas these are very frequent symptoms amongst some groups, such as Puerto Ricans. [23,25,28] One possible cultural reason for this variation is differences in the content of catastrophic cognitions that lead respondents to emphasize diverse symptoms, either in the experience or the reporting of their PAs. For example, higher reports of paresthesias among African Americans may be related to greater fear of diabetes and its complications (e.g., amputations) due to their high rates in this population.…”

Section: Panic Attackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culture and the Anxiety Disorders: Recommendations for DSM-V

Lewis‐Fernández¹,

Hinton²,

Laria³

et al. 2011

FOC

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Background-The anxiety disorders specified in the fourth edition, text revision, of The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV-TR) are identified universally in human societies, and also show substantial cultural particularities in prevalence and symptomatology. Possible explanations for the observed epidemiological variability include lack of measurement equivalence, true differences in prevalence, and limited validity or precision of diagnostic criteria. One central question is whether, through inadvertent "over-specification" of disorders, the post-DSM-III nosology has missed related but somewhat different presentations of the same disorder because they do not exactly fit specified criteria sets. This review canvases the mental health literature for evidence of cross-cultural limitations in DSM-IV-TR anxiety disorder criteria.

show abstract

A Study of the Phenomenology of Panic Attacks in Patients from India

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Culture and the anxiety disorders: recommendations for DSM-V

Culture and the anxiety disorders: recommendations for DSM-V

Panic disorder: a review of DSM-IV panic disorder and proposals for DSM-V

Culture and the Anxiety Disorders: Recommendations for DSM-V

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