A study of the nonlinear primary resonances of a micro-system under electrostatic and piezoelectric excitations

This paper deals with the investigation of nonlinear static pull-in instability of smart Nano-switches regarding the new size-dependent phenomenon, known as flexoelectricity, together with the surface effects. It is noteworthy that the coupling effect of the flexoelectricity and surface elasticity on nonlinear static pull-in instability of electrostatically-actuated Nano-switches has not been studied before. Euler-Bernoulli beam assumptions in conjunction with the von-Karman nonlinearity are considered to formulate the problem. The Nano-switch is subjected to electrostatic actuation force with fringing field effect as well as Casimir force. Refined constitutive relations for piezoelectric materials capturing the flexoelectric effects are taken into consideration for mathematical modeling. Additionally, a surface elasticity approach is employed to reach an accurate model for the system. Considering the imposed electric boundary conditions, Gauss’s equation is solved to acquire the electric potential distribution along with the thickness of the Nano-switch. Thereafter, Hamilton’s principle is hired to derive the coupled nonlinear governing equations of the system. Utilizing the differential quadrature method (DQM), the nonlinear ordinary differential equations are transformed into a system of nonlinear algebraic equations. Consequently, Newton-Raphson method is exploited as a numerical method to solve the obtained algebraic equations which leads to the pull-in voltage. Investigating the maximum displacement of the Nano-switch in response to the applied electrostatic force, the effects of various involved parameters such as flexoelectricity and surface elasticity on pull-in instability are explored in detail. Furthermore, the size-dependent behavior of the pull-in instability against the flexoelectric, surface effects and applied piezoelectric voltage is analyzed. Totally, it is revealed that the flexoelectricity may exhibit a substantial influence on the pull-in behavior of smart Nano-switches, especially for some cases with small thicknesses. Therefore, this effect should be taken into account to reach an accurate, reliable and optimized design for Nano-switches.

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“…It should be remarked that the pull-in phenomenon is classified into static and dynamic instabilities. 23–26…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear static pull-in instability analysis of smart nano-switch considering flexoelectric and surface effects via DQM

Masoumi

Amiri

Vesal

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

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“…In recent years, many nanorobotic systems have emerged for studies in biology [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ], and developments in magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for biomedical applications have considerably exceeded expectations, as the versatile natural properties of MNPs facilitate biological applications such as drug delivery. Functionalized MNPs have showed encouraging results in crossing the blood–brain barrier (BBB) [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Magnetic Actuation Scheme to Disaggregate Nanoparticles and Enhance Passage across the Blood–Brain Barrier

Hoshiar

Amin

et al. 2017

Nanomaterials

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The blood–brain barrier (BBB) hinders drug delivery to the brain. Despite various efforts to develop preprogramed actuation schemes for magnetic drug delivery, the unmodeled aggregation phenomenon limits drug delivery performance. This paper proposes a novel scheme with an aggregation model for a feed-forward magnetic actuation design. A simulation platform for aggregated particle delivery is developed and an actuation scheme is proposed to deliver aggregated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) using a discontinuous asymmetrical magnetic actuation. The experimental results with a Y-shaped channel indicated the success of the proposed scheme in steering and disaggregation. The delivery performance of the developed scheme was examined using a realistic, three-dimensional (3D) vessel simulation. Furthermore, the proposed scheme enhanced the transport and uptake of MNPs across the BBB in mice. The scheme presented here facilitates the passage of particles across the BBB to the brain using an electromagnetic actuation scheme.

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Electromagnetic Actuation Scheme for Swarm of Magnetic Nanoparticles Steering in Multi-bifurcation

Hoshiar

Yoon

2019

2019 International Conference on Manipulation, Automation and Robotics at Small Scales (MARSS)

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A study of the nonlinear primary resonances of a micro-system under electrostatic and piezoelectric excitations

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Nonlinear static pull-in instability analysis of smart nano-switch considering flexoelectric and surface effects via DQM

Nonlinear static pull-in instability analysis of smart nano-switch considering flexoelectric and surface effects via DQM

A Novel Magnetic Actuation Scheme to Disaggregate Nanoparticles and Enhance Passage across the Blood–Brain Barrier

Electromagnetic Actuation Scheme for Swarm of Magnetic Nanoparticles Steering in Multi-bifurcation

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