A study of the moderating effects of firm age at internationalization on firm survival and short‐term growth

Abstract

Research on fi rm internationalization has focused primarily on the antecedents

Firm survival: The role of incubators and business characteristics

“…Existing literature that analyzes firm survival (Box, 2008;Holmes, 2010;Carr, Haggard, Hmieleski, and Zahra, 2010) underwrite the importance of the following conditions are keys: firm size, sector, export activity and innovation intensity. This research examines these variables, together with the influence of incubators, to analyze firm survival.…”

Foreign Entry Modes as a Function of Age among Small Businesses in Kampala, Uganda

“…This finding supports that fact that exporting is the most widely used mode of internationalization across firms with little regard to size or experiences. This is due to the fact that exporting is easier to engage, requires less resource commitment and the risk are limited compared to other modes of internationalization (Carr, et al, 2010). (Carr, et al, 2010).…”

“…This is due to the fact that exporting is easier to engage, requires less resource commitment and the risk are limited compared to other modes of internationalization (Carr, et al, 2010). (Carr, et al, 2010). This means it can be easily adopted by small and big firms, as well as old and young firms.…”

“…Though Carr, Haggard, Hmieleski and Zahra (2010) confirmed that the relationship is uncertain in their study. They (Carr, et al, 2010) pointed out that resources and capabilities appear to be age dependent; with younger companies having limited resources and fewer capabilities than their established counterparts. Kaynak and Kuan (1993) report a positive relationship between the two variables.…”

“…Autio et al (2000) argues conversely that the age of a firm hampers the ability to compete successfully in international environments, pointing out that early internationalization might reinforce an environment of constant experimentation and an urge to venture across borders (Cohen and Levinthal 1990). The evidence on the relationship between firm age and mode of internationalization is mixed However, on the basis of literature reviewed, exporting and licensing which are among some of the most common and popular mode of internationalization is adopted by all firms regardless of age, while on the other hand modes of internationalization such as joint ventures and foreign direct investments call for more maturity in terms of size, age, experiences and resources (Carr, et al, 2010). H 1 : There is no significant difference between firm age and level of exporting H 2 : There is no significant difference between firm age and level of licensing H 3 : There is a significant difference between firm age and level of joint ventures H 4 : There is a significant difference between firm age and level of foreign direct investments…”