Abstract:The author studied the effects of the environment described by Tsallis statistics in quantum mechanics, when the deviation from Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) statistics is small. The x 4 model was used and the squeeze angle caused by the difference between Tsallis and BG statistics was calculated perturbatively in the mean field approximation as a function of the dimensionless parameters: the inverse temperature β p and the coupling strength λ p . The author found that the effect of the deviation from BG statistics is … Show more
“…The linear sigma model is also used to study the phase transition at high energies. The model is the extension of x 4 model, and the effects of the Tsallis statistics was studied in the x 4 model in quantum mechanics [16,17]. The phase transition should be investigated with these models, when the distribution is described with the Tsallis distribution.…”
Abstract. The effects of the Tsallis distribution which has two parameters, q and T , on physical quantities are studied using the linear sigma model in chiral phase transitions. The Tsallis distribution approaches the Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution as q approaches 1. The parameter T dependences of the condensate and mass for various q are shown, where T is called temperature. The critical temperature and energy density are described with digamma function, and the q dependences of these quantities and the extension of Stefan-Boltzmann limit of the energy density are shown. The following facts are clarified. The chiral symmetry restoration at q > 1 occurs at low temperature, compared with the restoration at q = 1. The sigma mass and pion mass reflect the restoration. The critical temperature decreases monotonically as q increases. The small deviation from the Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution results in the large deviations of physical quantities, especially the energy density. It is displayed from the energetic point of view that the small deviation from the Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution is realized for q > 1. The physical quantities are affected by the Tsallis distribution even when |q − 1| is small.
“…The linear sigma model is also used to study the phase transition at high energies. The model is the extension of x 4 model, and the effects of the Tsallis statistics was studied in the x 4 model in quantum mechanics [16,17]. The phase transition should be investigated with these models, when the distribution is described with the Tsallis distribution.…”
Abstract. The effects of the Tsallis distribution which has two parameters, q and T , on physical quantities are studied using the linear sigma model in chiral phase transitions. The Tsallis distribution approaches the Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution as q approaches 1. The parameter T dependences of the condensate and mass for various q are shown, where T is called temperature. The critical temperature and energy density are described with digamma function, and the q dependences of these quantities and the extension of Stefan-Boltzmann limit of the energy density are shown. The following facts are clarified. The chiral symmetry restoration at q > 1 occurs at low temperature, compared with the restoration at q = 1. The sigma mass and pion mass reflect the restoration. The critical temperature decreases monotonically as q increases. The small deviation from the Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution results in the large deviations of physical quantities, especially the energy density. It is displayed from the energetic point of view that the small deviation from the Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution is realized for q > 1. The physical quantities are affected by the Tsallis distribution even when |q − 1| is small.
We study the effects of the environment described by the Tsallis nonextensive statistics on physical quantities using an optimization method in the case of small deviation from the Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics. The x 4 model is used and the density operator is restricted to be a gaussian form. The variational parameter is the frequency Ω of a particle in the optimization method. We obtain an approximate expression of free energy and of the expectation value of βmΩ 2 x 2 /2, where β is the inverse of the temperature and m is the mass of a particle. Numerically, the optimized frequency is estimated and the expectation value of βmΩ 2 x 2 /2 is calculated. The effects of the Tsallis nonextensive statistic for small deviation from the Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics are found: 1) the frequency modulation of a particle and 2) the variation of the expectation value of βmΩ 2 x 2 /2 at high temperature.
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