A study of the influence of orifice diameter on a turbulent jet ignition system through combustion visualization and performance characterization in a rapid compression machine

Gentz, Gerald; Thelen, Bryce; Gholamisheeri, Masumeh; Litke, Paul J.; Brown, Adam; Hoke, John; Toulson, Elisa

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.02.026

Cited by 157 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Prechamber combustion can be referred to as a "prechamber combustor" [7], "prechamber ignition" [3], "torch ignition" [8][9][10], "jet ignition" [11][12][13][14][15][16], "two-stage combustion" [17][18][19], and "scavenged prechamber" [2,20]. Results from these studies validate the advantages of the fuel-added prechamber for SI engines and confirm the lean-burning and fuel-saving efficiencies of prechambers with an additional fuel delivery nozzle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

A Charge Possibility of an Unfueled Prechamber and Its Fluctuating Phenomenon for the Spark Ignited Engine

2020

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The demand for internal combustion engines remains high for mobile power sources in all fields due to their low costs, running distance capacity, charging reliability, and heavy driving durability. However, air pollution, efficiency, and environmental factors make this more challenging. According to recent research, using a fueled prechamber can lead to lean combustion in the main chamber, resulting in increased efficiency, reduced fuel consumption, and reduced toxic emissions. However, difficulties in producing a fueled prechamber for commercial engines include mixture and soot formation problems in the limited space of the prechamber, and limited research on the charging possibility of the unfueled prechamber. A removable prechamber is advantageous for used vehicles because an engine redesign is not required. Therefore, we proposed to use an unfueled prechamber to enhance the lean burning efficiency of the spark ignited (SI) engine and explore the possibility of charging an unfueled, unscavenged prechamber with a fuel-rich mixture. Consequently, investigating the possibility of filling an unfueled prechamber with a fuel-rich mixture without additional fuel delivery or an air control system was the aim of this study. For this purpose, the charge flowrate of the centrally located unfueled prechamber is extensively investigated by using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), through its design. As a result, a realizable charge flow was detected for the unfueled prechamber in two periods in the inlet and compression strokes. Most importantly, we found fluctuation phenomena in mass flow rates at the inlet stroke directing a charge flow of the richer mixture into an unfueled prechamber without additional systems. Moreover, keeping the charged rich mixture inside the prechamber during the compression stroke is as important as charging the prechamber with the fuel-rich mixture. The study will enable us to produce a removable prechamber to improve the combustion efficiency of port injected engines.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

A Charge Possibility of an Unfueled Prechamber and Its Fluctuating Phenomenon for the Spark Ignited Engine

2020

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“…In addition, smaller orifices, although having greater hot jet penetration, had higher heat losses [7]. The commonly used orifice diameters for prechamber ignition systems in general, and TJI systems in particular, are in the range of 1-4 mm [7,22]. In the present study, experiments were performed for orifice diameters of 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 mm for equivalence ratios of φ=0.67, φ=0.8 and φ=1.0 for a test matrix of 9 possible cases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 4 shows that the initial 15% of the pressure rise is due to the issuance of the hot combusting jet. The influence of the TJI concept on the burn rate compared to direct SI combustion was investigated by Gentz et al [41]. Detailed images of the issuing jets are provided in the next section.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LabVIEW software is used for the data acquisition of the pressure traces, collected via two Kistler piezoelectric pressure transducers, one installed at the bottom of main chamber and the other installed in the prechamber. Further details of the RCM experimental setup can be found in [41]. The TJI system used for this work consists of a spark plug located in a small prechamber that is connected to the main chamber via a nozzle having a single orifice.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A parameter strongly affecting turbulent jet structure is the nozzle orifice area. A recent study on the influence of nozzle orifice was performed by Gentz et al [22], using combustion visualization and characterization of TJI in a Rapid Compression Machine (RCM). The RCM, a device often used to study the fuel decomposition and ignition behavior at high temperatures and pressures produces conditions similar to those experienced in the engine combustion environment [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid compression machine study of a premixed, variable inlet density and flow rate, confined turbulent jet

Gholamisheeri

Thelen

Gentz

et al. 2016

Combustion and Flame

Self Cite

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The behavior of transient, compressible and combusting pre-mixed methane-air jets was experimentally studied with high speed imaging in a rapid compression machine. The jets were generated with a turbulent jet ignition system, which is a prechamber initiated combustion system. The absence of physical analyses of the characteristics of premixed turbulent jets was the motivation for the present study. Experiments were completed for turbulent jet ignition system orifice diameters of 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 mm each at lean-to-stoichiometric equivalence ratios of φ=0.67, 0.8 and 1.0. The hot jet velocity at the orifice exit was calculated using mathematical correlations. The Mach number and Reynolds number were also computed. The high speed imaging shows the influence of orifice diameter on the flame propagation and the shape and structure of vortices resulting from the turbulent jet. Results revealed a direct relationship between orifice exit area reduction and a decrease in hot jet penetration speed. There was a reduction in hot jet penetration speed with an increase in the equivalence ratio. For the orifice diameters and equivalence ratios tested here, results showed that the jet evolved downstream of the orifice exit in partial agreement with existing correlations. Moreover, the jet was turbulent with calculated Reynolds numbers of around 20,000 or greater.

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Ignition by Multiple Jets

Biswas

2018

Springer Theses

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A study of the influence of orifice diameter on a turbulent jet ignition system through combustion visualization and performance characterization in a rapid compression machine

Cited by 157 publications

References 16 publications

A Charge Possibility of an Unfueled Prechamber and Its Fluctuating Phenomenon for the Spark Ignited Engine

A Charge Possibility of an Unfueled Prechamber and Its Fluctuating Phenomenon for the Spark Ignited Engine

Rapid compression machine study of a premixed, variable inlet density and flow rate, confined turbulent jet

Ignition by Multiple Jets

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