A Study of the Granulomatous Responses Induced by Different Strains of<i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>

Zuim, Nádia Regina Borim; Allegretti, Silmara Marques; Linhares, Arício Xavier; Magalhães, Luiz Augusto; Zanotti-Magalhães, Eliana Maria

doi:10.1155/2012/953524

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…These results are consistent with 71 who reported that antifertility caused by plumbagin could involve changes in implantation sites, altered hormone levels, prolonged oestrous cycles and anti‐estrogenic activity in female rats. Thus, egg burden/g of tissue is essential to decreasing granuloma size and numbers 72 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, anti‐fibrotic and schistosomicidal properties of plumbagin in murine schistosomiasis

Bakery

Allam

Abuelsaad

et al. 2022

Parasite Immunology

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Schistosomiasis is still a major health problem affecting nearly 250 million people worldwide and causes approximately 280,000 deaths per year. The disease causes a serious granulomatous inflammatory response that produces significant mortality.Plumbagin reportedly displays anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, antioxidant and anthelmintic properties. This study further elucidates these properties. Mice were infected with schistosomes and divided into five groups: non-infected untreated (C); infected untreated (IU); non-infected treated with plumbagin (P); infected treated with plumbagin (PI) and infected treated with praziquantel (PZ). Mice treated with 20 mg plumbagin/kg body weight showed reduction of 64.28% and 59.88% in male and female animals, respectively. Also, the number of eggs/g tissue was reduced 69.39%, 68.79% and 69.11% in liver, intestine and liver/intestine combined, respectively. Plumbagin alleviated schistosome-induced hepatosplenomegaly and reduced hepatic granuloma and liver collagen content by 62.5% and 35.26%, respectively while PZQ reduced hepatic granuloma and liver collagen content by 41.11% and 11.21%, respectively. Further, plumbagin treatment significantly (p < .001) reduced IL-4, IL-13, IL-17, IL-37, IFN-γ, TGF-β and TNF-α levels and significantly (p < .001) upregulated IL-10. Plumbagin treatment restored hepatic enzymes activity to nearly normal levels and induced an increase in catalase, SOD, GSH, total thiol and GST in liver tissue homogenate. NO and LPO content was, however, decreased. Moreover, serum IgG levels significantly increased. The present study is the first to report immunomodulatory and schistosomicidal activities of plumbagin in schistosomiasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, egg burden/g of tissue is essential to decreasing granuloma size and numbers. 72 Notably, plumbagin treatment reduces liver and spleen weight of infected mice. This effect on hepatosplenomegaly might be due to a reduction of portal inflammation, granuloma size, cell hyperplasia and fibrosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, anti‐fibrotic and schistosomicidal properties of plumbagin in murine schistosomiasis

Bakery

Allam

Abuelsaad

et al. 2022

Parasite Immunology

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“…Strain differences have also been observed in the three major strains of Toxoplasma , which vary greatly in their virulence and infection outcome [113] . In addition, isolates of Trichuris muris not only differ in virulence but can also trigger changes in the immune response elicited in susceptible hosts [114] ; whereas eggs from different strains of Schistosoma mansoni cause specific granulomatous responses [115] . Consequently, reporting genus and species of the parasite is not enough; the parasite strain must be reported and if the parasite is a new isolate, it should be characterized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Quality of Methods Reporting in Parasitology Experiments

et al. 2014

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There is a growing concern both inside and outside the scientific community over the lack of reproducibility of experiments. The depth and detail of reported methods are critical to the reproducibility of findings, but also for making it possible to compare and integrate data from different studies. In this study, we evaluated in detail the methods reporting in a comprehensive set of trypanosomiasis experiments that should enable valid reproduction, integration and comparison of research findings. We evaluated a subset of other parasitic (Leishmania, Toxoplasma, Plasmodium, Trichuris and Schistosoma) and non-parasitic (Mycobacterium) experimental infections in order to compare the quality of method reporting more generally. A systematic review using PubMed (2000–2012) of all publications describing gene expression in cells and animals infected with Trypanosoma spp was undertaken based on PRISMA guidelines; 23 papers were identified and included. We defined a checklist of essential parameters that should be reported and have scored the number of those parameters that are reported for each publication. Bibliometric parameters (impact factor, citations and h-index) were used to look for association between Journal and Author status and the quality of method reporting. Trichuriasis experiments achieved the highest scores and included the only paper to score 100% in all criteria. The mean of scores achieved by Trypanosoma articles through the checklist was 65.5% (range 32–90%). Bibliometric parameters were not correlated with the quality of method reporting (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient <−0.5; p>0.05). Our results indicate that the quality of methods reporting in experimental parasitology is a cause for concern and it has not improved over time, despite there being evidence that most of the assessed parameters do influence the results. We propose that our set of parameters be used as guidelines to improve the quality of the reporting of experimental infection models as a pre-requisite for integrating and comparing sets of data.

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“…The granulomatous reaction plays an important role in protecting host tissues by sequestering antigens released by the parasite eggs. Various complex immune modulatory mechanisms take part in the granuloma-formation process [28] . Granuloma formation is the result of a host adaptive immune response mediated by CD4 + T cells specific for schistosome egg antigens (SEAs) [29] , [30] that damages hepatocytes and destroys the normal histological structure of the liver ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of Membrane-Anchored and Secreted DNA Vaccines Encoding Fatty Acid-Binding Protein and Glutathione S-Transferase against Schistosoma japonicum

Guorun

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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In order to explore the high performance bivalent DNA-based vaccine against schistosomes, SjFABP and Sj26GST were selected and used to construct a vaccine. Two strategies were used to construct the bivalent DNA vaccine. In the first strategy, a plasmid encoding antigen in the secreted form was used, while in the other, a plasmid encoding a truncated form of SjFABP and Sj26GST targeted to the cell surface was used. Various parameters, including antibody and cytokine response, proliferation, histopathological examination, and characterization of T cell subsets were used to evaluate the type of immune response and the level of protection against challenge infection. Injection with secreted pIRES-sjFABP-sj26GST significantly increased the levels of antibody, splenocyte proliferation, and production of IFN-γ, compared with membrane-anchored groups. Analysis of splenic T cell subsets showed that the secreted vaccine significantly increased the percentage of CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ T cells. Liver immunopathology (size of liver granulomas) was significantly reduced in the secreted group compared with the membrane-anchored groups. Moreover, challenge experiments showed that the worm and egg burdens were significantly reduced in animals immunized with recombinant vaccines. Most importantly, secreted Sj26GST-SjFABP markedly enhanced protection, by reducing worm and egg burdens by 31.8% and 24.78%, respectively, while the membrane-anchored group decreased worm and egg burdens by 24.80% and 18.80%, respectively. Taken together, these findings suggest that the secretory vaccine is more promising than the membrane-anchored vaccine, and provides support for the development and application of this vaccine.

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A Study of the Granulomatous Responses Induced by Different Strains ofSchistosoma mansoni

Cited by 7 publications

References 38 publications

Anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, anti‐fibrotic and schistosomicidal properties of plumbagin in murine schistosomiasis

Anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, anti‐fibrotic and schistosomicidal properties of plumbagin in murine schistosomiasis

The Quality of Methods Reporting in Parasitology Experiments

Protective Effects of Membrane-Anchored and Secreted DNA Vaccines Encoding Fatty Acid-Binding Protein and Glutathione S-Transferase against Schistosoma japonicum

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