A Study of the Genus Nemobius. (Orthoptera: GryllidÆ).*

Studies on the Reproductive Systems of Gryllus assimilis Fabr

“…Ito (1924) says that the canal of the spermatheca opens in the dorsal wall of the vulva in Acheta campestris L. Fulton (1931) states that in Nemobius the tube of the spermatheca passes through a knob-like invagination of the dorsal wall of the vagina. In at least some Orthoptera (Melanoplus) there is no connection between the two; when the eggs are laid they are pushed past the opening of the bursa copulatrix, where they are fertilized" (p. 160).…”

“…Carpenter (1928) said that the accessory glands of insects secrete a fluid which unite the sperms in bundles so they can be transferred to the sperm receptacle of the female. Fulton (1931) said that "the formation of the spermatophore (in Nemobius) is a complicated process which is difficult to understand," but that it is formed from the secretion of the accessory glands. Fulton (1931) said that "the formation of the spermatophore (in Nemobius) is a complicated process which is difficult to understand," but that it is formed from the secretion of the accessory glands.…”

Embryonic diapause highlighted by differential expression of mRNAs for ecdysteroidogenesis, transcription and lipid sparing in the cricketAllonemobius socius

“…Although this species is univoltine in the northern part of its range (i.e. has only one generation per year and has an obligate diapause), the species produces two or more generations per year in the southern part of its range and has a facultative diapause (Fulton, 1931;Howard and Furth, 1986;Mousseu and Roff, 1989). By manipulating the environmental conditions experienced by lab colonies of A. socius, it is possible to alter the proportion of diapause and non-diapause embryos produced by the population and simultaneously obtain diapause and direct developing, non-diapause embryos.…”

Decoupling development and energy flow during embryonic diapause in the cricket,Allonemobius socius

“…In the northern portion of its range this cricket is univoltine (i.e. has only one generation per year) and has an obligate diapause, whereas in the southern portion of its range this species produces two or more generations per year and has a facultative diapause (Fulton, 1931;Howard and Furth, 1986;Mousseu and Roff, 1989). The first generation matures during the spring months each year, and the mature adults of this generation produce a second generation of offspring that develop directly without entering diapause.…”