A study of the disproportionation of mercury(I) induced by gas sparging in acidic aqueous solutions for cold-vapor atomic absorption spectrometry

Baltisberger, R.J.; Hildebrand, D.A.; Grieble, David; Ballintine, Thomas A.

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(01)93253-2

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Photoreduction of Hg(II) is due to organic free radicals produced by photolysis of dissolved organic carbon [83], dissolved oxygen, organic carbon complexes, and Fe(III)^organic acid coordination compounds [101]. thiols [104]. Lastly, Hg(0) is in equilibrium with Hg(I) and Hg(II) ; Hg(I) is favored unless there are ligands which strongly favor the Hg(II) state, i.e.…”

Section: Ionic Mercury [Hg(ii)] Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial mercury resistance from atoms to ecosystems

2003

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Bacterial resistance to inorganic and organic mercury compounds (HgR) is one of the most widely observed phenotypes in eubacteria. Loci conferring HgR in Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria typically have at minimum a mercuric reductase enzyme (MerA) that reduces reactive ionic Hg(II) to volatile, relatively inert, monoatomic Hg(0) vapor and a membrane-bound protein (MerT) for uptake of Hg(II) arranged in an operon under control of MerR, a novel metal-responsive regulator. Many HgR loci encode an additional enzyme, MerB, that degrades organomercurials by protonolysis, and one or more additional proteins apparently involved in transport. Genes conferring HgR occur on chromosomes, plasmids, and transposons and their operon arrangements can be quite diverse, frequently involving duplications of the above noted structural genes, several of which are modular themselves. How this very mobile and plastic suite of proteins protects host cells from this pervasive toxic metal, what roles it has in the biogeochemical cycling of Hg, and how it has been employed in ameliorating environmental contamination are the subjects of this review.

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Section: Ionic Mercury [Hg(ii)] Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lastly, Hg(0) is in equilibrium with Hg(I) and Hg(II) ; Hg(I) is favored unless there are ligands which strongly favor the Hg(II) state, i.e. thiols [104].…”

Section: Ionic Mercury [Hg(ii)] Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial mercury resistance from atoms to ecosystems

2003

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“…It is assumed that Hg(0) oxidation results in the formation of an Hg(II) species, as Hg(I) is typically unstable under environmental conditions, dissociating to Hg(II) (Baltisberger et al 1979;Schroeder and Munthe 1998). Lalonde et al (2003) determined that Hg oxidation can occur in snow by spiking melted Arctic snow with aqueous Hg(0) and quantifying Hg(0) after irradiation, and Poulain et al (2004) observed a decrease in volatile Hg species in bottles filled with Arctic snow and incubated under the June sun, but no kinetic rates were derived in either case.…”

Section: Reactions and Factors Influencing Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury photochemistry in snow and implications for Arctic ecosystems

2014

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Mercury is a toxic and bioaccumulative environmental contaminant, which may be transported to remote regions around the world, such as the Arctic. Snowmelt is a major source of mercury to many surface water environments, but the amount of mercury in snow varies considerably. This variation is due to the balance of mercury retention and losses from snow, which is largely controlled by photochemical mechanisms controlling speciation. As such, quantifying these photochemical reaction rates and the factors affecting them will allow for the prediction of mercury speciation and movement into receiving water bodies. This will consequently improve our ability to predict exposure of aquatic organisms to mercury. This review highlights knowledge gaps in the quantification of mercury photochemical kinetics and the specific research required to advance the science of mercury photochemistry in snow, while examining the physical and chemical snowpack variables that influence snowpack mercury reactions. At present, our lack of mechanistic and kinetic knowledge of mercury reactions in snow is one of the greatest gaps preventing accurate predictions of mercury fate in regions containing seasonal snowpacks.Résumé : Le mercure constitue un contaminant environnemental toxique et biocumulatif, pouvant être transporté dans des régions éloignées partout au monde, comme dans l'Arctique. La fonte des neiges représente une source majeure de mercure pour plusieurs plans d'eau de surface, mais la quantité de mercure dans la neige varie considérablement. Cette variation est due à la balance entre la rétention du mercure et les pertes à partir de la neige, celles-ci étant fortement contrôlées par des mécanismes photochimiques déterminant la spéciation. Comme telle, la quantification des taux de ces réactions photochimiques et des facteurs les affectant permettront de prédire la spéciation du mercure et le mouvement vers les milieux aquatiques réceptifs. Conséquemment, ceci améliorera notre capacité à prédire l'exposition des organismes aquatiques au mercure. Cette revue insiste sur les manques de connaissances concernant la quantification de la cinétique photochimique du mercure ainsi que les recherches spécifiques nécessaires à l'avancement de la science sur la photochimie du mercure dans la neige, tout en examinant les variables physiques et chimiques influençant les réactions du mercure dans les bancs de neige. Présentement, l'absence de connaissances mécanistiques et cinétiques des réactions du mercure dans la neige constitue une des plus grandes lacunes empêchant les prédictions sur le devenir du mercure dans les régions connaissant des enneigements saisonniers. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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“…The chemical reactions in which Hg 0 escapes into the atmosphere include the reduction of Hg 2+ to 2Hg + , with the subsequent disproportionation to Hg 0 and Hg 2+ (Baltisberger et al 1979), and the reduction through the interaction of Hg 2+ with free-radical electrons of humic acids (Alberts et al 1974). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury in Marine and Oceanic Waters—a Review

Gworek

Bemowska-Kałabun

Kijeńska

et al. 2016

Water Air Soil Pollut

221

103

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Mercury contamination in water has been an issue to the environment and human health. In this article, mercury in marine and oceanic waters has been reviewed. In the aquatic environment, mercury occurs in many forms, which depend on the oxidation-reduction conditions. These forms have been briefly described in this article. Mercury concentrations in marine waters in the different parts of the world have been presented. In the relevant literature, two models describing the fate and behavior of mercury in saltwater reservoirs have been presented, a conceptual model which treats all the oceans as one ocean and the “ocean margin” model, providing that the ocean margins manifested themselves as the convergence of continents and oceans, covering such geological features, such as estuaries, inland seas, and the continental shelf. These two conceptual models have been summarized in the text. The mercury content in benthic sediments usually reflects is level in the water reservoir, particularly in reservoirs situated in contaminated areas (mines, metallurgical plants, chemically protected crops). The concentrations of mercury and its compounds determined in the sediments in surface waters in the different parts of the world have been presented. Due to the fact that the pollution caused by mercury is a serious threat for the marine environment, the short paragraph about mercury bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms has been included. The cited data demonstrated a large scatter of mercury contents both between the fish species and the water areas. Mathematical models, valuable tools which provide information about the possible responses of ecosystems, developed to simulate mercury emissions, both at a small scale, for local water reservoirs, and at a global scale, as well as to model mercury bioaccumulation in the chain web of aquatic systems have been described.

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A study of the disproportionation of mercury(I) induced by gas sparging in acidic aqueous solutions for cold-vapor atomic absorption spectrometry

Cited by 29 publications

References 23 publications

Bacterial mercury resistance from atoms to ecosystems

Bacterial mercury resistance from atoms to ecosystems

Mercury photochemistry in snow and implications for Arctic ecosystems

Mercury in Marine and Oceanic Waters—a Review

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