A study of the Chinese organic–inorganic hybrid sealing material used in “Huaguang No.1” ancient wooden ship

Fang, Shiqiang; Zhang, Hui; Zhang, Bingjian; Wei, Guofeng; Li, Guoqing; Zhou, Yang

doi:10.1016/j.tca.2012.10.010

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…As discussed above, the addition of natural plant fibres in earthen or lime‐based mortars/plasters is a common practice in ancient construction, aiming to provide flexural and tensile strength and reduce the risk of shrinkage and cracking (Binici et al , ; Hejazi et al ; Cardoso et al ; Fang et al ; Bonazza et al ; Miriello et al ). Straw fibres were widely used in earthen plasters, as they helped to improve the performance of the plasters, they were abundant and easy to work with, and they were relatively inexpensive (Guelberth and Chiras ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The project was planned in 2007 and approved by the State Council of the People's Republic of China in 2011 (Hongyuan Gao and Ma ). The project consisted of the in‐situ lifting of parts of the palace (i.e., the three gates—the main palace gate, the east palace gate and west palace gate); the dismantling/removal of all other parts, including the archaeological remains; and their reassembly/reinstallation on a new earthwork platform, about 15 m above the original ground level (Fang et al ; Renzhao Liu et al . ; UNESCO ; Hongyuan Gao and Ma, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi‐analytical Studies of Archaeological Chinese Earthen Plasters: The Inner Wall of the Longhu Hall (Yuzhen Palace, Ancient Building Complex, Wudang Mountains, China)

Wei

Grifa

et al. 2017

Archaeometry

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The Yuzhen Palace is one of the nine palaces in the Ancient Building Complex built by order of the Yongle Emperor during the Ming dynasty. The buildings were built with dressed black bricks. As a result of the planned national South–North Water Diversion project, the water level in the Danjiangkou Reservoir that surrounds the Yuzhen Palace was expected to rise by approximately 15 m. To avoid submersion of the site, three gates were elevated by 15 m in 2013 and other buildings dismantled, for later reconstruction. The characterization of the construction materials has therefore become of primary importance. Here, we present results on the plasters of the Longhu Hall. The analysis of materials involved a multi‐analytical approach combining optical and electron microscopy with X‐ray and vibrational spectromicroscopies and thermogravimetry. The results indicated the use of two earthen plaster layers and a whitewash finish coating applied over a thin preparatory intermediate layer to improve the adherence of the finish coating to the earthen plaster. Ramie and straw fibres identified in the earthen plasters were added to reduce shrinkage and cracking during drying. The raw materials used and the application technique pointed to a well‐established construction industry using traditional earthen building materials together with lime technology.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐analytical Studies of Archaeological Chinese Earthen Plasters: The Inner Wall of the Longhu Hall (Yuzhen Palace, Ancient Building Complex, Wudang Mountains, China)

Wei

Grifa

et al. 2017

Archaeometry

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“…Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is a simple and reliable technique commonly used in the analysis of mortars; its capability to characterize organic matter in historic lime-based mortar samples is well reflected in many studies. 6–12 Apart from calcite, other crystalline phases of calcium carbonate can be also observed in lime mortars with organic addition, 13,14 and FT-IR is also efficient in the distinction among the characteristic bands of CaCO 3 polymorphs. 15–17 When it comes to powder samples, FT-IR transmission spectroscopy involves the preparation of KBr pellets, which could be labor-intensive, time-consuming, and could cause variations in the spectra due to operation-related factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Different Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Methods in the Characterization of Lime-Based Mortars with Oxblood

et al. 2018

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Organic compounds have frequently been added into lime mortars for property modifications, in order to satisfy various functional needs in building techniques. This study applies Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy in transmission, reflection, and attenuated total reflection (ATR) modes to characterize lime-based mortar specimens containing oxblood, which has been used as additive as a common practice of long history in many parts of the world. The specimens were prepared basing upon a 19th-century Italian historic recipe, with the intention to have a better understanding on the possible characteristics of such mortars. Thermal analysis, color measurement, and static contact angle test were also used. After curing, the specimens show a distinctive dark-red color on the top surface, which is different from the bulk. Color measurements on the surface suggest that this color was formed at an early stage and was able to maintain stable for a relatively long period of time. Both transmission and reflection FT-IR confirm the preferential accumulation of proteins on the top surface, which should have induced their water repellency according to the static contact angle test. In addition, specimens show weaker calcite bands in FT-IR transmission, reflection, as well as ATR spectra; the pattern of ATR spectra after the thermal analysis to 500 °C suggests the formation of amorphous calcium carbonate, which is related to the presence of oxblood.

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“…Accordingly, organic-inorganic hybrid sealing materials are developed [12][13][14]. The researches reveal that, some hybrid films have been widely applied as protection films and they have a good characteristic combination of both organic and inorganic compounds, especially, they have good thermal impact resistance, corrosion resistance and environmental stabilization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Sprayed Al ₂o₃-13 Wt.%tio₂ Coating Sealed With Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Agent and Its Corrosion Resistance in Acid Environment

Zhou¹

2016

Ceramics - Silikaty

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A novel organic-inorganic hybrid material of γ-methacryloxypropyltrime-thoxysilane (KH570)-SiO 2 was fabricated by Sol-Gel method. The hybrid material was used as the sealing agent for the plasma sprayed Al 2 O 3 -13 wt. % TiO 2 coating. Infrared spectrum and grafted mechanism of the hybrid agent (HA) were studied. Moreover, morphology and porosity, as well as characteristics of immersion plus electrochemical corrosion in acid environment of the coating with and without sealing treatment were evaluated, compared with those of the coating sealed with the conventional silicone resin agent (SRA). The results reveal that KH570 was successfully grafted onto the surface of SiO 2 . The HA film sealed on the surface of the coating presents a little better quality than the SRA film. The porosities of the coatings after the sealing treatment decreased. Furthermore, the sealing treatment can improve efficiently the corrosion resistance of the coating in 5 vol. % HCl solution. The hybrid sealing agent can become a candidate for the plasma sprayed Al 2 O 3 -13 wt. % TiO 2 coating used in acid environment to overcome some disadvantages of organic agents such as severely environmental pollution.

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A study of the Chinese organic–inorganic hybrid sealing material used in “Huaguang No.1” ancient wooden ship

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

Multi‐analytical Studies of Archaeological Chinese Earthen Plasters: The Inner Wall of the Longhu Hall (Yuzhen Palace, Ancient Building Complex, Wudang Mountains, China)

Multi‐analytical Studies of Archaeological Chinese Earthen Plasters: The Inner Wall of the Longhu Hall (Yuzhen Palace, Ancient Building Complex, Wudang Mountains, China)

Application of Different Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Methods in the Characterization of Lime-Based Mortars with Oxblood

Plasma Sprayed Al ₂o₃-13 Wt.%tio₂ Coating Sealed With Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Agent and Its Corrosion Resistance in Acid Environment

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