A Study of the Cells in the Outer Flesh of Developing McIntosh Apple Fruits

Blanpied, G. D.; Wilde, Mary H.

doi:10.1086/336432

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Mesocarp cell number varied during Stages II and III of fruit growth (decreases in cell number per crosssection in 'Theissen', 'Smoky', and 'Regent' during these stages is likely due to variation in fruit size sampled at each harvest date). Nevertheless, in general, the increase in cell number within the saskatoon mesocarp was similar to that in other fruit, where cell multiplication is rapid during early fruit development and then decreases or ceases in the later stages of fruit growth [apple: Blanpied and Wilde, 1968;Tukey and Young, 1942;apricot: Jackson and Coombe, 1966;kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa C.S. Liang & A.R.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Differences in Fruit Development among Large- and Small-fruited Cultivars of Saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia)

McGarry¹,

Ozga²,

Reinecke³

2001

jashs

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Fruit growth in saskatoons (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.), an emerging horticultural crop across the Canadian prairies, results from development of the mesocarp and the endocarp-locular-ovular structure which includes the developing seeds. Contribution of these tissues to fruit size was assessed using transverse sections of ovaries sampled at six developmental stages among large- and small-fruited cultivars. Mesocarp development was similar among the larger-fruited cultivars (Thiessen, Northline, and Smoky); the number of cells increased rapidly through Stage I [162 to 293 growing degree days (GDDs)] of fruit growth, and cell number increase was minimal during Stages II (293 to 577 GDDs) and III (577 to 747 GDDs). In `Regent' fruit (a small-fruited cultivar), the maximal rate of cell division was delayed until Stage II and the mesocarp contained fewer cells than the larger-fruited cultivars at harvest maturity. Mesocarp cell enlargement was similar among all of the cultivars studied where cell expansion was maximal during Stage I and continued at a slower rate during Stages II and III. The area of the endocarp-locular-ovular structure was greatest for `Thiessen' and `Northline', midrange for `Smoky', and smallest for `Regent'. Data suggest that a minimum number of mesocarp cells early in fruit development is required to attain maximal mesocarp size, and that differences in cultivar fruit size are a function of both the mesocarp and the endocarp-locular-ovular structure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Differences in Fruit Development among Large- and Small-fruited Cultivars of Saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia)

McGarry¹,

Ozga²,

Reinecke³

2001

jashs

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“…Until the 1980s, most research concluded that apple fruit growth follows a sigmoid curve (Tetley 1931;Smith 1950;Blanpied and Wilde 1968). Until the 1980s, most research concluded that apple fruit growth follows a sigmoid curve (Tetley 1931;Smith 1950;Blanpied and Wilde 1968).…”

Section: Effects Of Growth Measurement Interval and Type Of Primary Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fruit Growth Measurement and Analysis

Opara¹

1999

Horticultural Reviews

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“…complicated by development phase. The apple fruit grows in two distinct phases: an early exponential phase of cell division that typically lasts for ≈35 to 45 d after anthesis, followed by a cell expansion phase for the remainder of the season until commercial maturity (Blanpied and Wilde, 1968;Bollard, 1970;Pratt, 1988). This overall pattern of fruit growth (weight basis) has been described using expolinear (Lakso et al, 1995), Gompertz, and logistic (Gandar et al, 1996) models.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Apple Fruit Growth and Maturity are Affected by Early Season Temperatures

Warrington¹,

Fulton²,

Halligan³

et al. 1999

jashs

130

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Container-grown `Delicious', `Golden Delicious', `Braeburn', `Fuji' and `Royal Gala' apple [Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.] trees, on Malling 9 (M.9) rootstock, were subjected to a range of different maximum/minimum air temperature regimes for up to 80 days after full bloom (DAFB) in controlled environments to investigate the effects of temperature on fruit expansion, final fruit weight, and fruit maturation. Fruit expansion rates were highly responsive to temperature with those at a mean of 20 °C being ≈10 times greater than those at a mean of 6 °C. All cultivars exhibited the same general response although `Braeburn' consistently showed higher expansion rates at all temperatures compared with lowest rates for `Golden Delicious' and intermediate rates for both `Delicious' and `Fuji'. The duration of cell division, assessed indirectly by measuring expansion rate, appeared to be inversely related to mean temperature (i.e., prolonged under cooler conditions). Subsequently, fruit on trees from the coolest controlled temperature treatment showed greater expansion rates when transferred to the field and smaller differences in fruit size at harvest than would have been expected from the measured expansion rates under the cool treatment. Nonetheless, mean fruit weight from warm postbloom treatments was up to four times greater at harvest maturity than that from cool temperature treatments. Postbloom temperature also markedly affected fruit maturation. Fruit from warm postbloom temperature conditions had a higher soluble solids concentration, more yellow background color, lower flesh firmness, and greater starch hydrolysis than fruit from cooler temperatures.

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A Study of the Cells in the Outer Flesh of Developing McIntosh Apple Fruits

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Differences in Fruit Development among Large- and Small-fruited Cultivars of Saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia)

Differences in Fruit Development among Large- and Small-fruited Cultivars of Saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia)

Fruit Growth Measurement and Analysis

Apple Fruit Growth and Maturity are Affected by Early Season Temperatures

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