A study of spontaneous chromosome variations in seven cell lines derived from Drosophila melanogaster stocks marked by translocations

Halfer, C.; Privitera, Enrica; Barigozzi, Claudio

doi:10.1007/bf00293418

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…6) The heterochromatin is believed to have played a significant role in chromosomal evolution in higher organisms (Baimai 1969, Gatti et al 1976, Holmquist 1975, Pathak et al 1973, Yunis and Yasminich 1971, Shyamala and Ranganath 1994, Suma and Ranganath 1997. The amount and position of the heterochromatin influence various attributes of the cell functions like selective advantage (Halfer 1978, Halfer et al 1980) and occurrence of inversions (Baimai 1977). Further, as developmental rates, mating behaviour and viability all may be affected by a single change in the location of heterochromatin, and evolutionary repositioning of heterochromatin in the genome may have greater impact on the diversity of organisms than would, say a mutation in a structural gene its described by Yoon and Richardson (1978).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization and Characterization of Heterochromatin among Four Species of the Montium Subgroup of Drosophila

Venkat

Ranganath

2007

CYTOLOGIA

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SummaryThe karyotype of 4 species namely D. agumbensis, D. anomelani, D. truncata and D. cauverii have been analysed. The heterochromatin content has been characterized by using C-and Q-profiles. The Y-and 4th chromosome have shown a great degree of divergence in their form and size. The heterochromatin has played a very important role in bringing about this high degree of differentiation within the limit of 2nϭ8 among the members of the montium subgroup of Drosophila. Montium subgroup, D. agumbensis, D. truncata, D. anomelani, D. cauverii, Karyotype, heterochromatin. Evolutionary divergence among species involves genetic changes at different levels of the genome. Karyotypic divergence is one such component and it may result from chromosome rearrangements and qualitative as well as quantitative changes in heterochromatin. Chromosome differences that are commonly found between species have played a key role in initiating speciation, and over 90% of all the speciating events are accompanied by karyotypic changes (White 1973). The Drosophila montium subgroup, the largest of the melanogaster species group (Lemeunier et al. 1986) comprise of 84 of 173 known species. Of these, 50 species are known karyotypically and heterochromatin of very few species has been characterized. The wide distribution of subgroup combined with many unique features of individual species, together with wealth of species diversification within subgroup made it an attractive system. The members of this group of Drosophila are highly heterogeneous morphologically (Bock and Wheeler 1972) and karyotypically (Baimai 1980, 1998, Shyamala and Ranganath 1994, Suma and Ranganath 1997. Not more than fifty species of the montium subgroup are subjected to karyotypic analysis (Table 2). In the present study karyotypes of 4 species of this montium subgroup namely D. agumbensis, D. anomelani, D. truncata and D. cauverii have been analysed. Key words Materials and methodsThe species used for the present study were collected from different regions of South India. D. agumbensis and D. anomelani from Mysore. D. truncata from Charmadi Ghats and D. cauverii from Coorg. Their iso-female lines were established and, maintained in the laboratory on wheat cream agar media seeded with yeast at 23Ϯ1°C.Mitotic chromsomes from the third instar were prepared following the technique of Stock et al. (1972) with slight modifications. To localize C-band heterochromatin, the procedure adopted by Clayton (1986) and Hatsumi (1987) was followed. Air dried slides were treated with 0.25% Trypsin

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization and Characterization of Heterochromatin among Four Species of the Montium Subgroup of Drosophila

Venkat

Ranganath

2007

CYTOLOGIA

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“…1). The cell line 11 P102, established by Halfer et al (1980), is characterized by heteroploid cells with a high degree of ploidy (5n-6n) and by some chromosomal rearrangements. In particular, two easily detectable marker chromosomes (involving the X and the 3 rcl chromosome) with an unusual morphology are constantly present, as well as telocentrics and microchromosomes (Fig.…”

Section: Cell Lines and Culture Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusion between human and Drosophila melanogaster cells induced by polyethylene glycol

Halfer

Dell'Oro

1987

Genetica

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Polyethylene glycol was used to induce interspecific somatic cell fusion between human fibroblasts (stock F6) and Drosophila melanogaster cells from established cell lines (Cl 82 and 11 P102), characterized by different ploidy levels. The present investigation defines some parameters for Drosophila cell fusion and interspecific fusion between Drosophila and human cells. The cytological analysis provided evidence of spontaneous as well as induced human-Drosophila heterokaryon formation. The presence in the same cell of two types of nuclei, distinguishable because of their different size and morphology, was confirmed autoradiographically by 3H-thymidine pre-labelling of Drosophila cells. Furthermore, the retained DNA synthetic activity and some examples of mitotic figures of both types of nuclei in the heterokaryons indicate the viability of the fused cells.

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A Drosophila melanogaster cell line tested for the presence of active NORs by silver staining

Privitera

1980

Chromosoma

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Silver staining was used to detect active NORs in a Drosophila melanogaster cell line (C1 82) characterized by dimorphic X chromosomes (XXL), one of the two Xs showing a marked increase in heterochromatin where the nucleolar organizer (NO) is located. The Q-banding technique was used to determine the karyotype characteristics of the line. Ag-positive NORs appeared only on structurally changed X chromosomes (XL), both in diploid and tetraploid cells, indicating that rRNA genes of XL are more active or numerous than those on normal homologues. A possible relationship between NOR stainability, the presence of an increased heterochromatic portion and the selective advantage of XXL cells, recurrent in numerous Drosophila female lines, is discussed.

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A study of spontaneous chromosome variations in seven cell lines derived from Drosophila melanogaster stocks marked by translocations

Cited by 14 publications

References 34 publications

Localization and Characterization of Heterochromatin among Four Species of the Montium Subgroup of Drosophila

Localization and Characterization of Heterochromatin among Four Species of the Montium Subgroup of Drosophila

Fusion between human and Drosophila melanogaster cells induced by polyethylene glycol

A Drosophila melanogaster cell line tested for the presence of active NORs by silver staining

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