A study of several factors affecting the distribution of phosphorus-32 from the leaves ofPisum sativum

Linck, A. J.; Swanson, C. A.

doi:10.1007/bf01377761

Cited by 42 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Inasmuch as a portion of the seed through which photosynthate passes is maternal tissue, a further distinction is necessary. Indeed, work with Pisum (14,29) demonstrated that the movement of tracers into young fruit, especially seeds, is temperature-sensitive. Presently, little is known of the sites or mechanisms of the temperature dependence observed by these workers.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In the few studies that have focused on transport events in legume seeds (8,14,15,25,29), little has been learned about the role that environmental or physiological controls of transport play in determining agronomic productivity. To effect regulation of photosynthate distribution and seed growth, further information is needed about the limitations of the processes associated with sucrose uptake and utilization.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Temperature and Oxygen Effects on ¹⁴C-Photosynthate Unloading and Accumulation in Developing Soybean Seeds

Thorne

1982

Plant Physiol.

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The envlronuneutal sensitivity of the processes associated with the _mport of otosthate by develog soybean seeds was investigated witin intact fruit and with excised, mature emyos. Collectvely, these data characterize the enviometal sensitivity of photosynthate import in developing soybean fuit. They imply that environmental tbregulti of hiport may occur at both the embryo level and at the phlom terminals within the seed coat.Temperature extremes during critical growth stages are associated with many of the observed seasonal fluctuations among components of agronomic productivity in soybean: seed number, rate and duration of seed growth, final seed size, and nutritional quality (4,5,9,10,23

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and Oxygen Effects on ¹⁴C-Photosynthate Unloading and Accumulation in Developing Soybean Seeds

Thorne

1982

Plant Physiol.

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“…It is clear that the phloem bears the vast majority of translocated substrates from the subtending leaves and other parts of the plant to the seeds in the developing pods (14,15,18,19 by the embryo must pass through the seedcoats (8,12), the rates of transmission of most individual nutrients from the seedcoats are best gauged as their rates of accumulation in the embryo rather than as their net rates of decline within the seedcoats (Table III).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritive Role of the Seedcoats during Embryo Development in Pisum sativum L

Murray¹

1979

Plant Physiol.

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Structural and metabolic features of the seedcoats of the developing pea seed indicate that events in the cells of the seedcoats are of major importance in controlling the develomnent of the embryo. Information has been obtained on the distribution of N and P constituents of the seedcoats, embryo sac liquid, and the cotyledons of the embryo, in relation to the changes in the activities of several enzymes: aminopeptidases, ,B-glucosidase, and acid phosphatase. The liquid contents of the embryo sac are considered to arise as a secretion from the tegmen. High concentrations of amino acids (about 0.3 molar), NH4' (about 0.1 molar), and orthophosphate (Pi) (up to 4 millimolar) were measured in this fluid. Since Pi was the only form of P present, the data confirm the possible function of some of the seedcoat acid phosphatase activity in the provision of Pi to the embryo.The developing legume seed has two coats, the testa and the tegmen, derived respectively from the outer and inner integuments of the ovule. The testa becomes sclerified (34, 35) and as dead tissues, the seedcoats of the mature seed serve to protect the enclosed embryo. This protective function of the seedcoats is well known. An equally important function of the living seedcoats in regulating the growth and development of the embryo has been largely ignored (8).It is known that the seedcoats of Pisum sativum acquire reserves of starch and protein, which are mobilized as the seedcoats senesce and as the embryo matures (2,6,9,25, 32). Mineral reserves are also mobilized from seedcoats to embryo, with varying degrees of retention (14). Clearly, metabolic and structural changes of considerable moment are taking place in the cells of the seedcoats during seed development, yet in relatively few studies have parameters relating to the seedcoats been assessed separately from those relating to the embryo.Here January and February, 1978, from pods sampled at increasing intervals from full blossom.Preparation of Extracts. For each sample, a set of three closely matched seeds (to within 5 mg fresh weight) were taken from a single pod. Seed 1 was dissected for determination of dry matter and water content (6). Seed 2 was dissected as rapidly as possible; first the seedcoats, then the cotyledons were weighed and separately extracted with cold 0.01 M NaF as an inhibitor of acid phosphatase activity, thus providing samples for the accurate determination of PE3 and Pi. Seed 3 was dissected and provided duplicate extracts prepared with cold 0.5 mm 2-ME for enzyme assays. Extracts were prepared by thorough grinding with chilled porcelain mortar and pestle, using ice-cold extracting medium at a ratio from 4:1 to 10:1 (v/w). Acid-washed sand was used only for the last (49-day) stage. The crude extracts were centrifuged immediately at 9,000g for 5 min using a Beckman Microfuge. Clear supernatants were removed and the NaF extracts were immediately sampled in duplicate for treatment with 4 volumes of 7% (w/v) trichloroacetic acid. For cotyledon extracts, acid-insolu...

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“…These results suggest that the Sn plant in the long, dark period is a strong sink but that its fruits do not exert a great demand on the available carbohydrate. The differences observed in the light may be an adjustment of the Sn leaf to reduced sink demand compared with the sn line (Linck and Swanson, 1960;Lovell et al, 1972) rather than a genetic difference in export capacity.…”

Section: Effect Of Embryo Genotypementioning

confidence: 98%

Maternal, Single-Gene Regulation of Assimilate Partitioning in Pea

Kelly

Spanswick

1997

Plant Physiology

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Assimilate partitioning has been identified as a key process i n the control of yield. Although the role of reproductive structures in this process has received intensive study, our understanding of the role of the maternal plant is limited. We suggest that the Sn gene of pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a potentially valuable genetic tool for studying maternal regulation of partitioning. In this study, nearly isogenic lines differing at the Sn locus were compared with respect to seed-filling characteristics and carbon assimilation. Lines with the Sn gene had a slower rate and shorter duration of seed growth than the line recessive for this gene, and these traits could not be ascribed to reduced carbon assimilation. Flowers of the two nearly isogenic lines were manually pollinated to control the genotype of the developing embryo independently of the maternal genotype. l h e final dry weight of the seed was determined by the genotype of the maternal plant and not by the genotype of the embryo, supporting the hypothesis that the Sn gene acts in the vegetative plant to regulate the partitioning of assimilates between vegetative and reproductive growth. Although the Sn gene has been noted for delaying apical senescence, it also delayed leaf senescence in this study; leaves of the Sn line continued to photosynthesize long past the time that leaves of the recessive line had senesced and after the seeds and pods were dry.

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A study of several factors affecting the distribution of phosphorus-32 from the leaves ofPisum sativum

Cited by 42 publications

References 15 publications

Temperature and Oxygen Effects on ¹⁴C-Photosynthate Unloading and Accumulation in Developing Soybean Seeds

Temperature and Oxygen Effects on ¹⁴C-Photosynthate Unloading and Accumulation in Developing Soybean Seeds

Nutritive Role of the Seedcoats during Embryo Development in Pisum sativum L

Maternal, Single-Gene Regulation of Assimilate Partitioning in Pea

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A study of several factors affecting the distribution of phosphorus-32 from the leaves ofPisum sativum

Cited by 42 publications

References 15 publications

Temperature and Oxygen Effects on 14C-Photosynthate Unloading and Accumulation in Developing Soybean Seeds

Temperature and Oxygen Effects on 14C-Photosynthate Unloading and Accumulation in Developing Soybean Seeds

Nutritive Role of the Seedcoats during Embryo Development in Pisum sativum L

Maternal, Single-Gene Regulation of Assimilate Partitioning in Pea

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Temperature and Oxygen Effects on ¹⁴C-Photosynthate Unloading and Accumulation in Developing Soybean Seeds

Temperature and Oxygen Effects on ¹⁴C-Photosynthate Unloading and Accumulation in Developing Soybean Seeds