A Study of Russia as Key Natural Gas Supplier to Europe in Terms of Security of Supply and Market Power

Prahl, Andreas; Weingartner, Katherine

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802970-1.00003-6

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The overall Japanese energy import dependency in 2014 was equal to 93.5%, with relevant values for natural gas (97.6%) and crude oil (99.7%), while for South Korea, the import dependency in 2014 was equal to 82.8% (99.3% for natural gas and 99.5% for crude oil) [49]. Some European Countries are also affected to a great extent by this issue [50]: among the most populated ones, the dependency level of Italy is significantly high, but the situation of smaller countries, such…”

Section: Ma2-s4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

National energy security assessment in a geopolitical perspective

Bompard

Carpignano

Erriquez³

et al. 2017

Energy

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The possibility of ensuring the energy needed by a country is a fundamental requirement for the economic growth and social welfare of that country. The fulfillment of this need is particularly challenging for those countries that are characterized by a low level of energy self-sufficiency. The evaluation of energy security needs to consider different dimensions and is of the utmost importance as a benchmark to conceive and implement different policies. The assessment of the level of security should rely on science-based models that are able to track the rapidly evolving geopolitical scenarios, and to provide detailed information and quantitative indexes to policy decision makers. In this paper, an overarching methodology is outlined to evaluate energy security, in which its external and internal dimensions are considered and integrated: the security of the energy supply from abroad (external) and the security of national energy infrastructures (internal). Attention is then focused on the external dimension, and two indexes are defined, by means of a probabilistic approach, in terms of the expected value of supply and economic impacts. The methodology is then applied to the Italian case, considering different geopolitical scenarios, and conclusions are provided about the energy security of the country.

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Section: Ma2-s4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

National energy security assessment in a geopolitical perspective

Bompard

Carpignano

Erriquez³

et al. 2017

Energy

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show abstract

“…In addition, the increasing use of Natural Gas (NG) faces climate and energy security concerns. Because so much of the European NG supply is dependent on Russian, Gulf State or American (fracked) imports, this presents a strategic political risk but it is also an opportunity for hydrogen (Prahl & Weingartner, 2016; Brauers, et al, 2021; Szabo, 2020; Field & Derwent, 2021).…”

Section: Hydrogen and European Policies: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The national shaping of Europe’s emerging hydrogen strategies: Cooperative or competitive hydrogen Politics?

Machado

Flynn

Williamson³

2022

Competition and Regulation in Network Industries

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In recent years, many European states have begun heavily investing in hydrogen (H2) technologies and as of July 2021, several have published detailed national hydrogen strategies. Nonetheless, it is evident there are emerging differences between these states regarding the scale, ambition and sophistication of their H2 plans. Such strategies also have implications for existing energy regimes that remain strongly dependent on fossil fuels alongside greater integration of renewables. Emerging H2 firms and technologies further disturb energy policies by either requiring a partly new, or at least modified, European energy infrastructure. Will such changes produce commercially dominant H2 businesses that could distort the broader energy market and confer a leading position upon a few countries and firms? There is also uncertainty over whether H2 technologies will support renewables by providing a ready means of energy storage, or whether investment in hydrogen could, paradoxically, displace some of the commercial interest in renewables. Finally, questions have been posed about the green credentials of H2 technologies. There are significant differences in how hydrogen is generated and much debate about the hydrogen colours. This paper employs a comparative analysis of three European national hydrogen strategies, offering a contrast between Germany, the UK and Portugal. The interaction between these and the EU level is mapped. Also explored is whether the various national styles favour more cooperative or competitive policy-making. The comparison with the UK allows us to explore some impacts Brexit may have on British H2 ambitions. To interpret these strategies, we employ the Multi-Level Perspective on energy transitions, which focuses on how different actors have a variable influence at mutually reinforcing levels of policymaking (niches, regime and landscape). These include EU institutions, national governments and agencies. Energy and technology firms and research networks are also crucial. We draw attention to several fundamental regulatory challenges that H2 strategies raise. Also highlighted are differences and similarities between countries and the wider possible trajectories for future hydrogen development.

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A Study of Russia as Key Natural Gas Supplier to Europe in Terms of Security of Supply and Market Power

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

National energy security assessment in a geopolitical perspective

National energy security assessment in a geopolitical perspective

The national shaping of Europe’s emerging hydrogen strategies: Cooperative or competitive hydrogen Politics?

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