A study of primary surveillance radar traffic and its utility via ADS-B uplink

Collision probability between intruding drone and commercial aircraft in airport restricted area based on collision-course trajectory planning

“…Even if an intruding drone has a transponder and is willing to coordinate with a CA to remove the collision risk, the TCAS might not fully play its collision avoidance role in low-altitude airspace. Secondly, although air traffic controllers have achieved the low-altitude airspace surveillance by using low-altitude primary surveillance radar and navigable ADS-B transceiver (Lascara et al, 2013;Roudet et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2018), ADS-B can only accomplish the intercommunication of position information when both air vehicles are equipped with information transmission and response devices. The high cost and heavyweight of commercially-available ADS-B affect the popularity of the most cooperative drones equipped with the device, not to mention those unknown intruding drones.…”