A study of partial replacement of fish meal with sunflower meal on growth, amino acid retention, and body composition of sharpsnout seabream, <I>Diplodus puntazzo</I> (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Sparidae)

Abstract

Nogales Mérida S., Jover Cerdá M., Martínez Llorens S., Tomás Vidal A. 2011. A study of partial replacement of fish meal with sunflower meal on growth, amino acid retention, and body composition of sharpsnout seabream, Diplodus puntazzo (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Sparidae). Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 41 (1): 47-54.Background. Our previous study demonstrated that sharpsnout seabream, Diplodus puntazzo (Walbaum, 1792), can be fed with up to 34.8% sunflower meal (SFM), with excellent results in growth parameters and feed efficiency. The aim of the current study was to test the replacement of fish meal with SFM in the diet formulation for sharpsnout seabream and to evaluate growth, nutritive parameters, amino acid retention, and body composition of the fish during the fattening period. Materials and methods. Sixteen baskets (300-L capacity), each with thirteen fish, were distributed in a recirculated saltwater system to allow four experimental diets containing 40% crude protein (CP) and 20% crude lipid (CL) with 0%, 11.7%, 23.5%, and 34.8% SFM partially replacing fish meal to be used in quadruplicate for this experiment. The fish were fed these diets ad libitum during the experiment, which lasted for 162 days. Growth, nutrition efficiency, biometrics, carcass composition, amino acid composition, and amino acid retention of the experimental fish were evaluated.Results. There were no statistical differences in the growth parameters among the treatments. However, fish fed a diet containing 34.8% SFM had the lowest feed intake (FI), lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR), and the highest protein efficiency ratio (PER). There were also no statistical differences in the biometric parameters although fish fed the diet containing 10% SFM had the lowest CP levels. Leucine was the only difference in the essential amino acid (EEA) profile with fish fed a diet containing 11.7% SFM having the lowest levels of leucine. Although there were fluctuations among the amino acid retentions, they were not statistically significant. Conclusion. SFM (up to 34.8%) can be included in the diets of sharpsnout seabream, thereby, replacing 27% of the fish meal without altering the fish growth.

Growth, Hemato-Biochemical Parameters, Body Composition, and Myostatin Gene Expression of Clarias gariepinus Fed by Replacing Fishmeal with Plant Protein

“…However, our results were comparable to the findings of the majority stating that the protein ranged from 54.23% to 59.40% [ 60 , 61 , 62 ]. Moreover, the fat contents and ash were similar to other results [ 22 , 48 , 62 , 87 ] when replacing fishmeal with sunflower meal.…”

“…Additionally, Rahmdel et al [ 25 ] stated that sunflower meal could replace up to 75% of fishmeal without any negative effect on growth performance, body composition, and haemato-biochemical indices for common carp fingerlings. These results were supported by Nogales Merida, Jover Cerda, Martínez-Llorens, and Tomás Vidal [ 22 ], who detected that there was no significant effect of replacing fishmeal with different levels of sunflower meal for sharp snout sea bream, Diplodus puntazzo (Walbaum). On the other hand, Olvera-Novoa, Olivera-Castillo, and Martínez-Palacios [ 21 ] detected a reduction of growth performance of tilapia, Tilapia rendalli (Boulenger), after replacing fishmeal with more than 20% sunflower meal.…”

“…There have been conflicting results on the impact of partial or total replacement of FM with plant protein in a fish diet. While several researchers have reported no difference [ 21 , 22 , 47 , 48 , 49 ], others have detected that this replacement caused poor growth performance [ 50 ]. Nevertheless, the current results agreed with the preponderance of research showing that a similar growth performance between groups fed FM and a diet totally replaced with sunflower meal, and this was assured by the unchanged level of serum GH among different groups.…”

“…Results have been conflicting on the effect of replacing FM with sunflower meal on fish body composition. While some researchers have detected no difference [ 22 , 87 ], others have reported decreased fish body fat and protein content with replacement of up to 20% of sunflower meal [ 21 ]. However, our results were comparable to the findings of the majority stating that the protein ranged from 54.23% to 59.40% [ 60 , 61 , 62 ].…”

“…As a derivative of sunflower ( Helianthus annuus ) seed oil extraction, sunflower meal is considered as an alternative protein supply for fish feed production [ 19 ]. It has been used for fish nutrition due to its higher contents of sulfur amino acids and low anti-nutritional factors, except for tannin and phytic acid, compared to other oilseed meals [ 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”