A study of oxidative stress and pulmonary damage after silica instillation in rats and the effect of curcumin administration

Abstract

Background: The authors' aim was to study the dynamics of oxidative stress in experimental exposure to silica dust, to evaluate the histopathological findings in the phase preceding the formation of fibrous/fibrohyaline pulmonary nodules, and to assess the effects of curcumin administration. Material and Methods: The research was performed on 48 male Wistar rats with an average weight of 320 g. Overall, 38 rats were instilled with a single dose of 0.3 ml suspension containing 30 mg of a SiO 2 /ml saline solution, and were sacrificed 30, 90 and 120 days after instillation; 14 of those sacrificed on days 90 and 120 also received curcumin. The control group included 10 animals which were instilled with a saline solution. Malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonyl proteins (CPs), total thiolic proteins (TPs) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were determined in blood and the lung tissue. The standard technique for pulmonary toxicology developed by Porter was applied to semi-quantitatively assess the histopathological findings. Results: It was found that MDA had increased significantly early on in both biological environments and remained elevated, and adding curcumin proved beneficial, while CPs only increased moderately in the lung tissue without a curcumin impact. Moreover, TPs dropped abruptly, significantly and persistently in the lung tissue and blood, and were not influenced by curcumin. Finally, GSH decreased significantly and intensely in the lung tissue and blood, with curcumin lowering the levels towards those found within the control group. The histopathological examination identified nodules of a cellular type, without any fibrosis, but with spots of associated lipoproteinosis. The early lesions in the airways and vessels were suggestive of a remodeling process. Curcumin diminished the occurrence of alveolitis but not the remodeling process. Conclusions: The study confirms the early onset of oxidative stress in experimental silicosis. It also simultaneously and dynamically researches markers of oxidative stress in blood and the lung tissue. Curcumin proved beneficial on oxidative stress and lesions in the alveolar epithelia, but ineffective in preventing vascular and airway remodeling. Med Pr. 2021;72(3)

Protective effects and mechanism of curcumin in animal models of pulmonary fibrosis: a preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Eleven studies ( Xu et al, 2007 ; Chen et al, 2008 ; Zhang et al, 2011 ; Avasarala et al, 2013 ; Chen et al, 2018 ; Gouda and Bhandary, 2018 ; Shaikh et al, 2020b ; Durairaj et al, 2020 ; Shaikh and Prabhakar Bhandary, 2020 ; Shaikh et al, 2021b ; Fathimath Muneesa et al, 2022 ) which did not include primary or secondary outcome measures were excluded. In the end, there were 27 studies were included ( Punithavathi et al, 2000 ; Venkatesan, 2000 ; Punithavathi et al, 2003 ; Punithavathi et al, 2006 ; Zhou et al, 2006 ; Zhang et al, 2007 ; Zhao et al, 2008 ; Jiang et al, 2009 ; Lee et al, 2010 ; Smith et al, 2010 ; Hamdy et al, 2012 ; Cho et al, 2013 ; Tyagi et al, 2014 ; Banerjee et al, 2015 ; Li et al, 2015 ; Kar et al, 2016 ; Tyagi et al, 2016 ; Chen et al, 2017 ; Hu Y. et al, 2018 ; Chen et al, 2019 ; Gouda M. M. et al, 2020 ; Barsan et al, 2021 ; Durairaj et al, 2021 ; Hemmati et al, 2021 ; Hosseini et al, 2021 ; Miao et al, 2021 ; Kumari and Singh, 2022 ), two of them ( Smith et al, 2010 ; Miao et al, 2021 ) were included in this meta-analysis, each of which included two independent experiments, so this study included a total of 27 studies and 29 independent experiments.…”

“…The MDA effect size was pooled from a paired comparison of five studies ( Zhou et al, 2006 ; Hamdy et al, 2012 ; Tyagi et al, 2014 ; Barsan et al, 2021 ; Hosseini et al, 2021 ), and the CUR effect was significant in the random-effects model analysis (SMD = −5.63; 95% CI = −9.66 to −1.60; heterogeneity χ2 = 30.05, df = 3, p = 0.000, I 2 = 89.9%, Figure 5A ).…”

Targeting Oxidative Stress as a Therapeutic Approach for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

“…Other pulmonary fibrosis models such as paraquat-, silica particles-, radiation-, aspiration material-and amiodaroneinduced models have revealed that curcumin is able to reduce the levels of TGF-β1, TNF-α, IL-6 and collagen type I, and to decrease the generation of ROS, hydroxyproline content, MDA and MPO and iNOS activity, to increase the activity of SOD, GPx and HO-1 (Thresiamma et al, 1998;Punithavathi et al, 2003;Xu et al, 2007;Guzel et al, 2009;Jiang et al, 2009;Lee et al, 2010b;Cho et al, 2013;Barsan et al, 2021).…”

A cross-national perspective on silicosis: incidence, occupational settings, and trends

“…Some exposed individuals may be more susceptible than others to develop the disease, due to the genetic polymorphism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-related single nucleotide [7]. Experimental studies confirm the early onset of oxidative damage in rats and culture cell model for silicosis, progressively evolving from the inflammatory stage to fibrosis [8,9]. Cellular damage results mainly in the generation of free radicals and the release of cytokines [10].…”