A study of optimal vent mode for the smoke control of subway station fire

Rie, Dong-Ho; Hwang, Myung-Whan; Kim, Seong-Jung; Yoon, Sungwook; Ko, Jae-Woong; Kim, Ha-Yong

doi:10.1016/j.tust.2005.12.157

Cited by 61 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Therefore, such climates significantly affect dispersions of airborne substances [19,252,253]. For CFD combined with pedestrian simulations with tracer gas experiments [254], dynamic evacuation systems based on subway climatology take into account locations of passengers, transmissions of air pollutants, and subway climate at that time. These systems can identify the most endangered areas and guide passengers via an adaptive route using audio and visual techniques [20,21,248].…”

Section: Complex Airflowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and Health Effects of Ventilation in Subway Stations: A Literature Review

Wen

Leng

Shen

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Environmental health in subway stations, a typical type of urban underground space, is becoming increasingly important. Ventilation is the principal measure for optimizing the complex physical environment in a subway station. This paper narratively reviews the environmental and health effects of subway ventilation and discusses the relevant engineering, environmental, and medical aspects in combination. Ventilation exerts a notable dual effect on environmental health in a subway station. On the one hand, ventilation controls temperature, humidity, and indoor air quality to ensure human comfort and health. On the other hand, ventilation also carries the potential risks of spreading air pollutants or fire smoke through the complex wind environment as well as produces continuous noise. Assessment and management of health risks associated with subway ventilation is essential to attain a healthy subway environment. This, however, requires exposure, threshold data, and thereby necessitates more research into long-term effects, and toxicity as well as epidemiological studies. Additionally, more research is needed to further examine the design and maintenance of ventilation systems. An understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms and aerodynamic characteristics of various pollutants can help formulate ventilation strategies to reduce pollutant concentrations. Moreover, current comprehensive underground space development affords a possibility for creating flexible spaces that optimize ventilation efficiency, acoustic comfort, and space perception.

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Section: Complex Airflowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and Health Effects of Ventilation in Subway Stations: A Literature Review

Wen

Leng

Shen

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…According to similarity theory, the physical phenomenon of subway station fires can be simulated in full-size or reduced-size experimental apparatuses for subway stations. The fire characteristics, like heat release rate, temperature distribution, smoke concentration, and radiation heat, are obtained [1][2][3][4][5][6]. For some subway station fire scenarios, the experimental technique could provide some valuable data to examine the fire combustion and spreading process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment of Underground Subway Stations to Fire Disasters Using Bayesian Network

Chen

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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Subway station fires often have serious consequences because of the high density of people and limited number of exits in a relatively enclosed space. In this study, a comprehensive model based on Bayesian network (BN) and the Delphi method is established for the rapid and dynamic assessment of the fire evolution process, and consequences, in underground subway stations. Based on the case studies of typical subway station fire accidents, 28 BN nodes are proposed to represent the evolution process of subway station fires, from causes to consequences. Based on expert knowledge and consistency processing by the Delphi method, the conditional probabilities of child BN nodes are determined. The BN model can quantitatively evaluate the factors influencing fire causes, fire proof/intervention measures, and fire consequences. The results show that the framework, combined with Bayesian network and the Delphi method, is a reliable tool for dynamic assessment of subway station fires. This study could offer insights to a more realistic analysis for emergency decision-making on fire disaster reduction, since the proposed approach could take into account the conditional dependency in the fire propagation process and incorporate fire proof/intervention measures, which is helpful for resilience and sustainability promotion of underground facilities.

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“…Empirical, experimental and numerical models have been used to observe the flow behaviour and the effect of critical velocity, smoke and temperature distribution, they are used to establish the relation between air velocity and heat release rates [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Simulation of Obstructed Ventilation Ports in a Subway Tunnel Section

Herrera¹,

Pineda²,

Silva-Rivera

et al. 2017

Int. j. simul. model.

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A CFD simulation of the air velocity in a subway tunnel section of 1400 m in length is presented. In this case of study; the simulation compares the air velocity changes when two of six natural ventilation ports are totally obstructed. They are required for hot air exhaust, smoke release and fresh air intake. The mechanical ventilation system is located inside the tunnel at 650 m from the end of a passenger platform and 750 m from the other, it is a non-symmetrical scenario. The simulation was carried in ANSYS® Fluent compared with NFPA calculation and considering geometries and dimensions of an actual subway section of the Mexico City. Four different numerical models were created to analyse eight different cases. The results indicate that the obstruction of the ports create a non-homogeneous distribution of the flow velocity inside the passenger platform with an approximate difference of 1.5 m/s. This value is very important in cases when the backlayering effect has to be avoided as in the case of smoke transportation, exhaust of smoke and the transport of dust or some other contaminant. The emergency procedures and the design of escape routes can be improved by considering the physical changes occurring when the ventilation ports are obstructed. Since the atmospheric pressure influence the direction and velocity of the flow coming from the non-obstructed vents.

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A study of optimal vent mode for the smoke control of subway station fire

Cited by 61 publications

References 2 publications

Environmental and Health Effects of Ventilation in Subway Stations: A Literature Review

Environmental and Health Effects of Ventilation in Subway Stations: A Literature Review

Risk Assessment of Underground Subway Stations to Fire Disasters Using Bayesian Network

CFD Simulation of Obstructed Ventilation Ports in a Subway Tunnel Section

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