Transition metal sulfides (TMSs) are considered as the most promising alternative anode materials for advanced lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Here, we report a hierarchically structured CoS 2 nanosphere/graphene (CoS 2 /G) composite, fabricated by a simple hydrothermal method. This composite, assembled with CoS 2 nanoparticles uniformly distributed on the graphene, exhibits excellent electrochemical performance. In particular, the CoS 2 /G electrode material delivers a high rate capability of around 398 mA h g À1 at a current density of 3500 mA g
À1. Moreover, a discharge capacity of about 400 mA h g À1 can be obtained after 1000 cycles at a current density of 500 mA g
À1. X-ray absorption spectroscopy is used to characterize the sample for the first time, and the results demonstrate that CoS 2 /G is reduced to metallic Co and Li 2 S when discharged to 0.01 V. In subsequent charge-discharge processes, the metallic Co cannot be fully oxidized to CoS 2 , which is the main cause of capacity loss for the CoS 2 electrode.