A Study of Insect Repellents. 2. Effect of Temperature on Protection Time1

Khan, A. A.; Maibach, Howard I.; Skidmore, D.

doi:10.1093/jee/66.2.437

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Factors that influence the response of insects to repellent compounds have been variously reported (Khan et al, 1975;Kashin & Kardatzke, 1975;Garson & Winneke, 1968). Some insecticides act also as repellents and we have found no reports of a relationship between the resistance to insecticides and observations of repellency.…”

contrasting

confidence: 63%

Repellency of Insecticides to Resistant Strains of Housefly

Virgona¹,

Holan²,

Shipp

1983

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The contact repellency of 6 insecticides on one susceptible and 6 resistant strains of the housefly Musca domestica L. were compared. No effect of synergist on repellency was observed and the temperature effect was minor. Both Kdr and Pen resistance factors were significant in repellency resistance to the tested compounds. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Abstossung resistenter Stämme der Stubenfliege durch Insektizide Die Berührungs‐Abstossung von DDT, Pyrethrum, Bioresmethrin, Permethrin, 1,1‐bis‐(4‐äthoxyphenyl)‐2‐nitropropan und 3′‐phenoxybenzyl 1‐(4‐äthoxyphenyl)‐2,2‐dichlorocyclopropancarboxylat gegenüber einem empfindlichen Stamm sowie sechs resistenten Stämmen der Stubenfliege Musca domestica L. wurde verglichen. Zu den resistenten Stämmen gehörten solche, die DDT‐Dehydrochlorinase, Ses, Kdr sowie Resistenzfaktorkombinationen besassen. Die Wirkung der Synergisten Sesamex und Warf‐Antiresistent auf die Berührungs‐Abstossung und der Einfluss der Temperatur wurden untersucht.

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contrasting

confidence: 63%

Repellency of Insecticides to Resistant Strains of Housefly

Virgona¹,

Holan²,

Shipp

1983

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…Ideally, the longevity of C. citratus repellents could be improved by combination with low concentrations of PMD that has known efÞcacy and longevity (Trigg 1996, Moore et al 2002 or in combination with a simple slow-release formulation, to reduce its volatility, e.g., mineral oil or vanillin (Tawatsin et al 2001). This is especially important as under realistic user conditions, such as working in the forest, duration of protection will be lower than under test conditions due to increased sweating and abrasion when people are active (Wood 1968, Khan et al 1972, Gabel et al 1976, Rueda et al 1998). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Evaluation of Traditionally Used Plant-Based Insect Repellents and Fumigants Against the Malaria Vector <I>Anopheles darlingi</I> in Riberalta, Bolivian Amazon

Moore¹,

Hill²,

Ruiz³

et al. 2007

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“…C. citratus (Stapf), Guatemalan lemongrass, essential oil at 25% was used as a skin repellent, and it provided 74% protection for 2.5 h against predominantly A. darlingi and 95% protection for 2.5 h against Mansonia spp. Both these studies were conducted under field conditions and therefore, this is especially important as under realistic user conditions, such as working in the forest, duration of protection will be lower than under test conditions due to increased sweating and abrasion when people are active (Wood 1968;Khans et al 1972;Gabel et al 1976;Rueda et al 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory evaluation of traditionally used plant-based insect repellent against the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis Patton (Diptera: Culicidae)

2010

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A laboratory study was carried out to evaluate the repellent efficacy of a methanol-leaf extract of Ethiopian traditionally used insect repellent plant viz., Lomi sar [vernacular name (local native language, Amharic); Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf. (Poaceae)] against Anopheles arabiensis at four different concentrations viz., 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 mg/cm(2). The percentage protection in relation to the dose method was performed. C. citratus extract has shown various degrees of repellency impact against A. arabiensis. It provided the maximum total percentage protection of 78.83% at 2.5 mg/cm(2) and followed 68.06% at 2.0 mg/cm(2) for 12 h. All four tested concentrations of C. citratus extract offered significant protection and Student's t test results shows statistically significant (p value = 0.001) [1.0 mg/cm(2) (t = 22.89; df = 4); 1.5 mg/cm(2) (t = 24.03; df = 4); 2.0 mg/cm(2) (t = 36.92; df = 4); 2.5 mg/cm(2) (t = 22.31; df = 4)] difference between treated and control groups. The result suggests that it could serve as a potent insect repellent against vectors of disease. Globally, C. citratus is renowned for its therapeutic values. Above and beyond, due to its user- as well as environmental-friendly nature, it should be promoted among the marginalized populations in order to reduce man-vector contact. In addition, this appropriate strategy affords the opportunity to minimize chemical repellent usage and the risks associated with adverse side effects. At the end of the day, traditionally used plant-based insect repellents could be viable safer alternative sources for chemical insect repellents.

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A Study of Insect Repellents. 2. Effect of Temperature on Protection Time1

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Repellency of Insecticides to Resistant Strains of Housefly

Repellency of Insecticides to Resistant Strains of Housefly

Field Evaluation of Traditionally Used Plant-Based Insect Repellents and Fumigants Against the Malaria Vector <I>Anopheles darlingi</I> in Riberalta, Bolivian Amazon

Laboratory evaluation of traditionally used plant-based insect repellent against the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis Patton (Diptera: Culicidae)

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