A study of injury-producing crashes on median divided highways in southwestern Ontario

Lane, Peter L.; McClafferty, Kevin J.; Green, Robert N.; Nowak, Edwin S.

doi:10.1016/0001-4575(94)00051-m

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Consistent with Lee and Mannering 10, out study found that crashes during peak hours increase the likelihood of injury and fatality. Also, a positive association is also found between rollover and crash injury, a result that is consistent with previous findings 17, 21, 33. Finally, struck objects crashes are found to be less serious in our study because of the low speed environment and vehicle protection.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Logistic model of injury risks in single vehicle crashes in urban neighborhoods

Rifaat¹,

Tay²,

Barros³

2011

J of Advced Transportation

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SUMMARYRoad crashes not only claim lives but also impose an economic burden on society due to loss of productivity. Researchers are continuously developing crash models to get a better understanding of the factors affecting crash occurrences and severity. The objective of this study is to explore the influence of neighborhood characteristics on crash injury using the City of Calgary as a case study. A logistic model is estimated using the data for single vehicle crashes for the years [2003][2004][2005]. Our results show that limited access street patterns are safer than the traditional grid-iron pattern but the effect is not significant.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Logistic model of injury risks in single vehicle crashes in urban neighborhoods

Rifaat¹,

Tay²,

Barros³

2011

J of Advced Transportation

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“…Regarding the median-divided highway, one study suggested that the association with higher driver death is due either to loss of control on soft-surface shoulders, ejection of occupants or median crossover and collision with oncoming vehicle. 18 Further study is needed on the reason for increased driver death risk associated with road surface type, roadway location and highway dividers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A regionalised strategy for improving motor vehicle-related highway driver deaths using a weighted averages method

et al. 2011

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Objective The state of Florida has some of the most dangerous highways in the USA. In 2006, Florida averaged 1.65 fatalities per 100 million vehicle miles travelled (VMT) compared with the national average of 1.42. A study was undertaken to find a method of identifying counties that contributed to the most driver fatalities after a motor vehicle collision (MVC). By regionalising interventions unique to this subset of counties, the use of resources would have the greatest potential of improving statewide driver death. Methods The Florida Highway Safety Motor Vehicle database 2000–2006 was used to calculate driver VMT-weighted deaths by county. A total of 3 468 326 motor vehicle crashes were evaluated. Counties that had driver death rates higher than the state average were sorted by a weighted averages method. Multivariate regression was used to calculate the likelihood of death for various risk factors. Results VMT-weighted death rates identified 12 out of 67 counties that contributed up to 50% of overall driver fatalities. These counties were primarily clustered in central and south Florida. The strongest independent risk factors for driver death attributable to MVC in these high-risk counties were alcohol/drug use, rural roads, speed limit ≥45 mph, adverse weather conditions, divided highways, vehicle type, vehicle defects and roadway location. Conclusions Using the weighted averages method, a small subset of counties contributing to the majority of statewide driver fatalities was identified. Regionalised interventions on specific risk factors in these counties may have the greatest impact on reducing driver-related MVC fatalities.

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“…Physical barriers, including guardrails and treadles such as those found in secured parking areas, could be installed to prevent entry onto interstates from nonstandard entry points. Placing concrete barriers between lanes, particularly in areas with narrow medians, to prevent U‐turns and crossovers could also reduce the number of drivers traveling against traffic on interstate highways (18). The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration is conducting research into collision avoidance systems, including methods to warn drivers of impending collisions, leaving the roadway, and drowsy or impaired performance (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Men were over-represented as drivers in this study (77% of wrong-way drivers, 67% of right-way drivers in wrong-way collisions, 68% of comparison drivers from other crashes). Similarly, male drivers accounted for 77% of the drivers in fatal crashes on divided highways in Canada (18) and were also found to be more likely to drive while impaired than women (19). Native American fatalities from motor vehicle collisions were also more likely to be men (74%) (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal Wrong‐Way Collisions on New Mexico’s Interstate Highways, 1990–2004

Lathrop

Dick

Nolte

2010

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Medical examiner files from 1990 through 2004 were reviewed to identify fatalities caused by drivers traveling the wrong direction on interstate highways and identify risk factors and prevention strategies. Other fatal nonpedestrian interstate motor vehicle crashes served as a comparison group. Data abstracted included decedent demographics, driver/passenger status, seatbelt use, blood alcohol concentration, weather and light at time of occurrence and types of vehicles involved. Of 1171, 79 (6.7%) interstate motor vehicle fatalities were because of drivers traveling against the posted direction in 49 crashes, with one to five fatalities per crash. Wrong-way collisions were significantly more likely to occur during darkness (p < 0.0001) and involve legally intoxicated drivers (p < 0.0001). In 29/49 (60%) wrong-way crashes, alcohol was a factor. Prevention strategies aimed at reducing the incidence of driving while intoxicated, as well as improved lighting and signage at ramps, could help reduce the occurrence of fatal wrong-way collisions on interstates.

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A study of injury-producing crashes on median divided highways in southwestern Ontario

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

Logistic model of injury risks in single vehicle crashes in urban neighborhoods

Logistic model of injury risks in single vehicle crashes in urban neighborhoods

A regionalised strategy for improving motor vehicle-related highway driver deaths using a weighted averages method

Fatal Wrong‐Way Collisions on New Mexico’s Interstate Highways, 1990–2004

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