A Study of Influenza 2017–2018 Outbreak in Andhra Pradesh, India

Mudhigeti, Nagaraja; Racherla, Rishi Gowtham; Mahalakshmi, Padmalatha Anjaneyulu; Pamireddy, Madhavi Latha; Nallapireddy, Umapathi; Kante, Meenakshi; Kalawat, Usha

doi:10.4103/ijmm.ijmm_18_272

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…12 In another study by Mudhigeti et al carried out in India from 2017-2018, 40% of influenza-suspected cases were positive for influenza. 13 These findings are similar to our data, as we had 39.4% cases positive for influenza among suspected cases.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Seasonal trends of Influenza in Islamabad, Pakistan

Raza¹,

Usman

Ahmad³

2021

J Islamabad Med Dental Coll

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Background: Viral outbreaks have always been a challenging task for clinicians and Influenza virus has been on top of the list. The history of influenza epidemic reveals its devastating effects in the form of multiple deaths and economic burden. Hence this study was planned to recognize the peak activity time span of Influenza infection and its frequency in our set-up at Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad Pakistan. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was performed in Pathology Laboratory, Shifa international hospital Islamabad from April 2016 to March 2019. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from patients of all age groups, with clinically suspected influenza infection throughout the year, irrespective of gender, according to hospital’s standard policy. Samples were analysed on GeneXpert kit (Xpert Flu Assay). Data collected was entered and then analysed in SPSS version 17. Results: Of the total 591 samples included in study, 233 (39.4%) were positive for influenza (Flu A or Flu B), while 358 (60.6%) showed negative results. Total 172 (73.8%) were positive for Flu A while 61 (26.1%) were positive for Flu B. Among Flu A cases, 107 (62.2%) were positive for H1N1. Most of the positive cases (n=206; 88.4%) were reported in the months of January and February during the three-year period (2016-2019) of this study. Conclusions: Influenza virus has peak activity in the months of January and February. Both Influenza A and B are circulating in the environment but Flu A is predominant and H1N1 is more prevalent.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Seasonal trends of Influenza in Islamabad, Pakistan

Raza¹,

Usman

Ahmad³

2021

J Islamabad Med Dental Coll

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“…Also, a mismatch between the circulating B strain and vaccine strain has also been observed in all countries where the data is available. 17 Similar epidemiological data on co-circulation of both the lineages of influenza B strain in a single season have also been reported in India, 18,19 further emphasized the need to replace TriIV with the TetIV for routine immunization of children. Moreover, in seasons in which influenza B circulation is minimal or B viruses are well matched to the trivalent vaccine strain, vaccination with a TetIV would still be beneficial to the individual by increasing immunity to both lineages of influenza B, with potential clinical benefit in subsequent seasons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Immunogenicity and safety of the first indigenously developed Indian tetravalent influenza vaccine (split virion) in healthy children (6 months to 17 years of age): a randomized, multicenter, phase III clinical trial

Sarkar

Bokade

Garg

et al. 2020

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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This phase III clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of the Tetravalent Influenza Vaccine (Split virion) I.P. (TetIV), containing two strains each of influenza A and B, developed indigenously in the country for the first time by M/s Cadila Healthcare Limited, India for use in the pediatric population (6 months −17 years of age), and compare it to that of a licensed seasonal Trivalent Influenza Vaccine (TriIV) of Sanofi Pasteur India Private Limited, containing two influenza A and one influenza B strains. Three hundred six subjects of either sex, 6 months to 17 years of age, were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either TetIV or TriIV. Immunogenicity assessments (antibodies against A/H1N1, A/ H3N2, B/Phuket, and B/Brisbane) were performed using the hemagglutination inhibition assay at baseline and 28 days after the last vaccination. TetIV was found to fulfill the criteria set by the United States Food and Drug Administration on the requirements of clinical data for licensure of seasonal inactivated influenza vaccines for the pediatric population. The seroconversion rates with TetIV were 94.6% for A/ H1N1, 93.9% for A/H3N2, 91.2% for B/Brisbane, and 87.2% for B/Phuket strains. TetIV showed noninferiority and superiority in immune response, as compared to TriIV, against the shared strains and an additional B strain, respectively. Both the vaccines were tolerated well by all the study participants, and an addition of the fourth strain in TetIV did not compromise the safety as compared to that of TriIV. The most common adverse event reported in both groups was fever.

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