A study of heart rate and heart rate variability in human subjects exposed to occupational levels of 50 Hz circularly polarised magnetic fields

A Model Proposal for Long-Lasting Electromagnetic Forces-Biological System Interaction: Molecular Fatigue Damages

“…And it shows that channel proteins providing transmission of these ions were affected, and it is likely that cardiac diseases may occur by the formation of molecular fatigue in these molecular structures by long term EMF exposure [59]. However, cardiac diseases occur after the exposure of these areas for 5-6 years and cancer occurs after the exposure of these areas for 10-15 years [60]. So, it is difficult to make such long-term experimental studies and show molecular fatigue.…”

Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and heart disease

“…Another group (19) examined the effects of magnetic fields on heart rate variability in two groups of volunteers. The exposure consisted of 28 µT at 50 Hz (circularly polarized) for 100 or 150 seconds either following or prior to a similar period of sham exposure.…”

The human body exposed to a magnetotherapy device magnetic field

“…Some authors claim that the slowing of the heart rate due to the exposure to an ELF magnetic field is related to the interaction with the control mechanisms for thermoregulation and blood pressure [2]. Findings in [2] imply the magnetic field 28μT/50Hz affects the normal heart rate [3]. It is important to emphasize that this value is below the relevant guidelines proposed by ICNIRP for public exposure.…”

“…Human exposure to ELF magnetic fields generated by magnetotherapy devices has been analyzed in a number of studies in last decade [1][2][3][4][5]. Of particular interest was a possible effect of such exposures to the cardiovascular system [1].…”

“…For example, the results published in [4] indicate that 150-200μT ELF magnetic field at the subject's heart position causes slowing of the heart rate. Some authors claim that the slowing of the heart rate due to the exposure to an ELF magnetic field is related to the interaction with the control mechanisms for thermoregulation and blood pressure [2]. Findings in [2] imply the magnetic field 28μT/50Hz affects the normal heart rate [3].…”