A study of ghrelin and leptin levels and their relationship to metabolic profiles in obese and lean Saudi women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Daghestani, Maha H.; Daghestani, Mazin H.; Daghistani, Mamoon; El-Mazny, Akmal; Bjørklund, Geir; Chirumbolo, Salvatore; Saggaf, Samar H. Al; Warsy, Arjumand S.

doi:10.1186/s12944-018-0839-9

Cited by 33 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…As previously mentioned, in our study, we did not find any significant differences in leptin and ghrelin concentrations between the PCOS patients and the control group. These results support the previous findings of other studies, which presented similar leptin and ghrelin levels in both PCOS patients and control group [ 59 ]. Contradictory results have been reported by Pekhlivanov et al [ 60 ] and Jalilian et al [ 61 ], who noted increased leptin concentrations in PCOS patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The Association of Serum Levels of Leptin and Ghrelin with the Dietary Fat Content in Non-Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

et al. 2020

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Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at an increased risk of developing insulin resistance and abdominal obesity in the state of an improper diet balance. Leptin is a peptide considered to be a satiety hormone that plays an important role in the long-term energy balance, whereas ghrelin is a hormone that controls short-term appetite regulation and is considered a hunger hormone. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between serum leptin and ghrelin concentrations and the dietary macronutrient content in PCOS women. We examined 73 subjects: 39 women diagnosed with PCOS by the Rotterdam criteria and 34 healthy controls, matched by the body mass index. The subjects completed a consecutive three-day dietary diary to identify the macronutrient and micronutrient intake. Serum concentrations of leptin and total ghrelin were measured and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. The studied groups did not differ significantly in terms of the intake of macronutrients (proteins, fats, and carbohydrates) and serum concentrations of ghrelin and leptin (all p > 0.05). In the PCOS group, the serum leptin concentration positively correlated with the intake of total fat (r = 0.36, p = 0.02), total cholesterol (r = −0.36, p = 0.02), saturated fatty acids (r = 0.43, p < 0.01), and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (r = 0.37, p = 0.02), whereas the serum ghrelin concentration correlated in an inverse manner with the intake of total fat (r = −0.37, p = 0.02), MUFA (r = −0.37, p = 0.02), polyunsaturated fatty acids (r = −0.34, p = 0.03), and long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (r = −0.38, p = 0.02). In this group, we also found a negative association of HOMA-IR with serum ghrelin levels (r = −0.4, p = 0.03) and a positive relationship with the serum leptin concentration (r = 0.5, p < 0.01) and relationships between HOMA-IR and total dietary fat (r = 0.38, p = 0.03) and MUFA (r = 0.35, p = 0.04) intake. In PCOS women, dietary components such as the total fat and type of dietary fat and HOMA-IR are positively connected to serum leptin concentrations and negatively connected to serum ghrelin concentrations, which may influence the energy balance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The Association of Serum Levels of Leptin and Ghrelin with the Dietary Fat Content in Non-Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

et al. 2020

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“…The high values of WHR observed in this study are in agreement with a previous study done by Mutib and coworkers (26) on Iraqi PCOS women. Their study reported a significant difference in BMI, waist and hip circumferences and waist/hip ratio between PCOS women and healthy control group (27). In this study, the waist circumferences and waist/hip ratios were higher among Saudi Arabian women with PCOS compared with those in the healthy control group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

“…On the other hand, no correlation was reported between BMI and PCOS in a few other clinical and research studies (29)(30)(31). In addition, some findings showed that women with low BMI (i.e., lean) showed a stronger association with PCOS than obese women (27,30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Rs1799817 in INSR associates with susceptibility to polycystic ovary syndrome

Daghestani¹

2019

Journal of Medical Biochemistry

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Summary Background Insulin and its receptor (INSR) have been implicated in the etiology of the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Here, we investigate the association between INSR rs1799817 polymorphism and PCOS in Saudi Arabian women. Methods study group included 126 PCOS women and 118 normo-ovulatory matched controls. The demographic data was recorded, and the plasma levels of glucose, lipids, leptin, E2, LH, FSH, T, SHBG, and insulin were determined. The genotypic and allele frequencies of rs1799817 were evaluated in both PCOS and control group. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify Exon 17 of the INSR gene, and the amplified products were analyzed by direct sequencing. A single-nucleotide polymorphism (C to T) was found at locus 10923 (His1058) of rs1799817. Results In the PCOS group, the mutant allele T occurs at a significantly higher frequency (0.306) compared to the control group (0.174) (p<0.001). It shows a dominant effect and elevates the relative risk of PCOS even in the heterozygotes (RR=2.82). After stratification of the participants by body mass index, the frequency of T allele was significantly higher in the lean patients with PCOS compared to the lean control. The obese PCOS also had a higher frequency than the obese control, but the difference was not statistically significant. Several parameter values were affected by the INSR genotype, particularly W/H ratio, lipid, insulin and glucose levels and insulin resistance in PCOS patients. Conclusion The INSR gene polymorphism rs1799817 is a susceptibility locus associated with PCOS in Saudis and associated metabolic and hormonal changes, particularly, in the lean PCOS females.

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“…Some of these changes are characterized by increased serum concentrations of leptin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 and by the reduced production of adiponectin (4)(5)(6). The relationship between PCOS and adipokines is controversial because this endocrinemetabolic disorder is often associated with an increased body fat percentage (7). However, there is controversy about adiponectin role in inflammation since its plasma concentration decreases in some inflammatory diseases, for example in obesity and PCOS, and increases under some other inflammatory conditions -rather than decreased -in classic chronic inflammatory/autoimmune diseases that are unrelated to increased adipose tissue, such as rheumatoid arthritis type 1 diabetes (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycystic ovary syndrome associated with increased adiposity interferes with serum levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 differently from leptin and adiponectin

Cardoso

Ribeiro

Dutra

et al. 2020

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to explore the relationship between body fat percentage and metabolic markers. Subjects and methods: Sedentary women were assigned to PCOS (N = 60) and CONTROL (N = 60) groups. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups according to body fat percentage (22-27%, 27-32% and 32-37%). The protocol consisted of assessments of glucose, insulin, androgens, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), leptin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Results: The PCOS subgroups showed higher concentrations of androgens, LH and 17-OHP. Leptin showed direct relationship with increased body fat percentage, whereas adiponectin showed the inverse effect. However, both were unaffected by PCOS. TNF-α and IL-6 were higher in PCOS women and showed a direct relationship with increased body fat percentage. Glucose showed direct relationship with body fat percentage, whereas insulin presented higher values in PCOS women and direct relationship with increased body fat percentage. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that PCOS and body fat percentage directly influence concentrations of insulin, TNF-α and IL-6, whereas leptin and adiponectin are influenced only by the increase in body fat percentage in these women.

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A study of ghrelin and leptin levels and their relationship to metabolic profiles in obese and lean Saudi women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Cited by 33 publications

References 56 publications

The Association of Serum Levels of Leptin and Ghrelin with the Dietary Fat Content in Non-Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

The Association of Serum Levels of Leptin and Ghrelin with the Dietary Fat Content in Non-Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Rs1799817 in INSR associates with susceptibility to polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome associated with increased adiposity interferes with serum levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 differently from leptin and adiponectin

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