A study of die failure mechanisms in aluminum extrusion

Arif, Abul Fazal M.; Sheikh, A.U.H.; Qamar, Sayyad Zahid

doi:10.1016/s0924-0136(02)01116-0

Cited by 79 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In practical use, there are two main failure forms: one is fracture failure and the other thermal fatigue. Practically speaking, the early fracture of a hot-work due to the poor impact toughness is the main failure form [3,4]. The cracks are normally observed on the die surface as a network, which results in more than 80% failure of dies [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Rare Earth on the Microstructure and Impact Toughness of H13 Steel

Gao

Liu

et al. 2015

Metals

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Studies of H13 steel suggest that under appropriate conditions, additions of rare-earth metals (REM) can significantly enhance mechanical properties, such as impact toughness. This improvement is apparently due to the formation of finer and more dispersive RE inclusions and grain refinement after REM additions. In this present work, the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of H13 steel with rare earth additions (0, 0.015, 0.025 and 0.1 wt.%) were investigated. The grain size, inclusions and fracture morphology were systematically studied by means of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate that REM addition of 0.015 wt.% can result in good improvement of performance compared to the REM additions of 0.025 wt.% and 0.1 wt.%. It is found that the impact toughness is significantly enhanced with the addition of 0.015% REM, which can be improved 90% from 10 J to 19 J. Such an addition of REM can result in a huge volume fraction of finer and more dispersive inclusions which are extremely good to toughness.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Rare Earth on the Microstructure and Impact Toughness of H13 Steel

Gao

Liu

et al. 2015

Metals

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“…As established in an earlier work by the authors (Arif et al, 2003), fracture is the principal failure mode for extrusion dies and tooling (solid, hollow, and semi-hollow die profiles all taken together). An extrusion die experiences both mechanical and thermal stresses during its service life.…”

Section: Fatigue Fracturementioning

confidence: 79%

“…The second most significant failure mode in extrusion dies is gradual wear of the die bearing surface (Arif et al, 2003). A combination of factors such as intricate profile geometries, high pressures and temperatures, very hard die material, and extremely hard and abrasive surface layer of Al 2 O 3 formed on the billet surface during preheating lead to wear at the die land.…”

Section: Surface Wearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Monte Carlo Simulation for Prediction of Tool Life

Qamar¹,

Sheikh²,

Pervez³

et al. 2011

Applications of Monte Carlo Method in Science and Engineering

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“…Actually, the cracks as a network are normally observed on the die surface, which results in more than 80% failure of hot-work dies [2]. To date, researchers found that the uniform hardness, impact toughness, tensile strength and high temperature fatigue strength will be beneficial to prolong the service life when the die steel is subjected to intense friction and mechanical shock in service [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. In addition, N. Mebarki [10], S. Kheirandish [11] and X. Hu [12] found that the coarse eutectic carbides in the process of thermal fatigue could decrease the cyclic softening behavior and lead to fatigue failure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbides Evolution and Tensile Property of 4Cr5MoSiV1 Die Steel with Rare Earth Addition

Liu

et al. 2017

Metals

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Studies of 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steel suggest that under appropriate conditions, additions of rare earth (RE) can enhance tensile property. This improvement is apparently due to the more uniform distribution of carbides and the enhancement of precipitation strengthening after RE additions. In this present work, the effect of the RE addition on the carbides evolution and tensile property of 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel with various RE contents (0, 0.018, 0.048 and 0.15 wt %) were systematically investigated. The two-dimensional detection techniques such as optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to investigate the carbides evolution of as-cast, annealed and tempered with RE addition. The results indicated that the carbides in 4Cr5MoSiV1 steels were modified by adding the suitable amount of RE. The eutectic structure and coarse eutectic carbides were all refining and the morphology of the annealed carbides initiated change from strip shape to ellipsoidal shape compared with the unmodified test steel (0RE). In addition, the amount of the tempered M 8 C 7 carbides increased initially and then decreased with the alteration of RE addition from 0.018 to 0.15 wt %. Notably, the tensile test indicated that the average value of ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation rate of 0.048RE steel increased slightly to 1474 MPa and 15%, higher than the 1452 MPa and 12% for the unmodified test steel (0RE), respectively. Such an addition of RE (0.048 wt %) would have a significant effect on the carbides evolution of as-cast, annealed and tempered and resulting in the tensile property of 4Cr5MoSiV1 die steel.

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A study of die failure mechanisms in aluminum extrusion

Cited by 79 publications

References 2 publications

Effects of Rare Earth on the Microstructure and Impact Toughness of H13 Steel

Effects of Rare Earth on the Microstructure and Impact Toughness of H13 Steel

Using Monte Carlo Simulation for Prediction of Tool Life

Carbides Evolution and Tensile Property of 4Cr5MoSiV1 Die Steel with Rare Earth Addition

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