A Study of Control Methodologies for the Trade-Off between Battery Aging and Energy Consumption on Electric Vehicles with Hybrid Energy Storage Systems

Abstract

Hybrid and electric vehicle batteries deteriorate from use due to irreversible internal chemical and mechanical changes, resulting in decreased capacity and efficiency of the energy storage system. This article investigates the modeling and control of a lithium-ion battery and ultracapacitor hybrid energy storage system for an electric vehicle for improved battery lifespan and energy consumption. By developing a control-oriented aging model for the energy storage components and integrating the aging models into an energy management system, the trade-off between battery degradation and energy consumption can be minimized. This article produces an optimal aging-aware energy management strategy that controls both battery and ultracapacitor aging and compares these results to strategies that control only battery aging, strategies that control battery aging factors but not aging itself, and non-optimal benchmark strategies. A case study on an electric bus with variously-sized hybrid energy storage systems shows that a strategy designed to control battery aging, ultracapacitor aging, and energy losses simultaneously can achieve a 28.2% increase to battery lifespan while requiring only a 7.0% decrease in fuel economy.

Innovative Power Management in Electro-Mechanical Systems: Exploring the New Paradigms of Energy Efficiency and System Longevity

“…The significance of this research lies in its potential to optimize the performance of IoT systems, which are increasingly becoming integral to modern electro-mechanical systems (Al-Qurabat et al, 2022). Mallon and Assadian (2022) investigate the trade-off between battery aging and energy consumption in electric vehicles (EVs) with hybrid energy storage systems. Their study develops a control-oriented aging model for lithium-ion batteries and ultracapacitors, integrating these models into an energy management system.…”

“…The resulting optimal aging-aware energy management strategy not only controls battery and ultracapacitor aging but also minimizes energy losses. This research is particularly relevant in the automotive sector, where maximizing the lifespan of batteries and reducing energy consumption are critical for the sustainability and efficiency of EVs (Mallon & Assadian, 2022). Fan, Li, and Yang (2020) present a novel approach to trajectory planning for electro-hydraulic cable shovels, aiming to minimize energy consumption.…”

Revolutionizing Energy Storage: Exploring Processing Approaches and Electrochemical Performance of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and Their Hybrids

“…Energy resources involve their renewable nature while the availability of limited amounts of energy along with their intermittent nature is a serious disadvantage [14][15][16][17]. As the world is shifting towards advancements such as the development of hybrid electric vehicles [18][19][20][21][22] and the use of other smart technologies, an exceptionally colossal amount of energy is required. Advanced technologies require the provision of high energy and power density for their continual operation.…”

Research on Outdoor Mobile Music Speaker Battery Management Algorithm Based on Dynamic Redundancy

“…In recent years, research on new energy batteries has continued to strengthen, the energy density of batteries has continued to increase [14][15][16][17][18] and the production cost has dropped significantly. In particular, the emergence of lithium-ion batteries has become a hot spot for new energy batteries [19][20][21][22]. How to improve the performance of battery packs and reduce the use cost are the research focus of new energy batteries [23][24][25].…”