Project-based learning is a form of student-centered and inquiry-based learning. It differs from traditional instructional approaches by emphasizing students’ acquisition of transferable knowledge through active exploration of real-world problems and challenges. For China’s basic education community, project-based learning is still a relatively novel notion, and its popularization is subject to a variety of challenges. This study aims to pinpoint the barriers to the successful implementation of this pedagogical method in Chinese basic education. Recommendations on how to enhance its application are also proposed.